Adani Green BESS Expansion Makes Khavda a Major Grid Storage Platform

Adani Green Energy

Adani Green BESS capacity has reached 3.37GWh at the Khavda renewable energy park in Gujarat, marking a major step in India’s effort to make large-scale renewable power more reliable and dispatchable. Adani Green Energy added 2GWh to the 1.37GWh installed in March.

Adani Green BESS development at Khavda is significant because the project is now the largest single-location battery storage installation outside China, according to the company. The system is co-located with AGEL’s 30GW renewable energy project, of which 9.9GW is already operational.

Adani Green BESS expansion also signals how India’s clean energy transition is moving beyond generation capacity alone. Solar and wind projects need storage to manage intermittency, stabilise grids and supply power during peak demand periods.

The company plans to scale its storage footprint quickly. It is targeting more than 10GWh of new capacity by March 2027 and aims to reach 50GWh over the next five years.

Khavda Storage Strengthens Renewable Power Dispatchability

The Khavda BESS uses lithium-ion battery technology integrated with advanced energy management systems. This allows faster grid response, better stability and more reliable renewable power delivery.

This matters because India is adding renewable power at scale, but grid flexibility remains a major constraint. Battery storage helps convert variable solar and wind generation into usable power during high-demand periods.

AGEL said the 3.37GWh system can power about 1mn homes for a full day. It can also meet peak electricity demand in cities such as Indore or Chandigarh, or supply the entire state of Goa.

The Khavda project therefore shows how battery storage is becoming core electricity infrastructure. It is no longer only a backup tool or pilot technology.

For India, this type of storage capacity supports energy security, renewable integration and reduced dependence on fossil fuel peaking power. It also strengthens the case for more domestic battery materials, cell manufacturing and power electronics capacity.

Battery Storage Growth Lifts Materials and Supply-Chain Demand

Large BESS projects create demand across several material chains. Lithium-ion batteries require lithium, graphite, copper, aluminium, separators, electrolytes, battery management systems and thermal control technologies.

Copper demand is also supported by cabling, grid connections, transformers and power conversion systems. Aluminium can benefit through enclosures, busbars, structural systems and cooling components.

India’s rapid storage targets could therefore deepen demand for battery raw materials and downstream manufacturing. The country will need reliable supply chains for cells, modules, inverters and grid equipment if it wants to scale from gigawatt-hours to tens of gigawatt-hours.

The Khavda system also highlights the strategic link between renewable energy and industrial policy. Battery storage deployment can create demand signals for local manufacturing, recycling and critical minerals processing.

However, scaling to 50GWh will require capital, land, grid integration, battery procurement and long-term project economics. Storage must become not only technically viable, but also financially repeatable.

Adani Green’s commissioning shows that India is moving quickly. The next challenge is building a domestic ecosystem that can support storage deployment without relying too heavily on imported battery materials and equipment.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Khavda shows that the renewable energy race is becoming a storage race. India’s next clean-energy bottleneck will not be only solar or wind capacity, but the battery materials, grid equipment and financing needed to make renewable power dispatchable.

SECI to Invest ₹25 Billion in 200MW Solar and Battery Storage Projects in Madhya Pradesh

India SECI

India’s Solar Energy Corporation Expands Green Push With New Projects in Dhar and 1,000MWh Storage Facility

SECI Accelerates Renewable Energy Drive with Major Investment in Madhya Pradesh

India’s Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) has committed ₹25 billion ($286.5 million) to develop key renewable energy infrastructure in Madhya Pradesh. SECI signed an initial agreement with the state government to build a 200MW solar project in Dhar and a 1,000MWh battery energy storage system.

The investment falls under the Central Public Sector Undertaking (CPSU) scheme and will be executed in phases. SECI, which operates under India’s Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, aims to strengthen the country’s clean energy capacity and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

Long-Term Clean Energy Commitment Supports India’s Energy Transition Goals

The 200MW solar plant is part of a broader 500MW agreement signed in 2023 with MP Power Management Company Limited (MPPMCL). Under this agreement, SECI will supply renewable electricity to Madhya Pradesh for 25 years, reinforcing long-term power stability through sustainable means.

By investing in solar power and energy storage, SECI continues to lead India's green energy movement. The dual focus on generation and storage aligns with national goals to improve grid reliability and boost clean energy adoption across sectors.

Battery Storage to Play Crucial Role in Energy Security

The planned 1,000MWh battery storage project marks a significant step toward ensuring round-the-clock renewable power availability. With India's energy demands rising, storage infrastructure is essential to integrate intermittent sources like solar into the national grid effectively.

SECI’s announcement confirms its commitment to supporting India’s decarbonization strategy while strengthening Madhya Pradesh’s role as a clean energy hub.

Cordelio Power Acquires 1GWh of Battery Energy Storage Systems from Fluence Energy

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)

Canadian independent power producer Cordelio Power has secured over 1GWh of battery energy storage systems (BESS) from Fluence Energy, marking a significant move in its energy storage portfolio. This purchase is aimed at supporting several BESS projects in Cordelio's 2026-2027 pipeline, which are expected to contribute to North America's green energy transition.

Strategic Expansion in Battery Energy Storage

Fluence Energy, a prominent US energy storage provider, was chosen by Cordelio Power for its cutting-edge storage technology. Fluence boasts a US-based supply chain, ensuring that no Chinese products are involved, which aligns with Cordelio's commitment to secure and sustainable energy solutions. However, the financial details of this acquisition and the specifics of the upcoming projects remain undisclosed.

Cordelio Power is actively expanding its presence in the energy storage market, focusing on large-scale projects designed to enhance grid stability and support renewable energy sources. The 1GWh purchase will be integral to the successful commissioning of multiple BESS projects scheduled for 2026-2027.

Key Projects in the US Pipeline

In addition to the acquisition of storage systems, Cordelio has secured offtake agreements for two major BESS facilities in the western US. The first is the Greenwater project, a 200MW, 800MWh facility located in Pierce County, Washington. This project will be developed in partnership with Puget Sound Energy. The second is the Pioneer project in Yuma County, Arizona, a larger 300MW, 1,200MWh project, set to be developed in collaboration with Arizona Public Service.

These projects highlight Cordelio's growing role in providing reliable energy storage solutions that complement renewable energy generation, paving the way for a cleaner and more resilient energy grid.

Zinc Demand and Supply Expected to Rebalance in 2025

Zinc

Recovery in Automotive, Infrastructure, and Green Energy to Boost Zinc Market

Global zinc demand is projected to rise marginally in 2025, driven by steady growth from automotive, infrastructure, and green energy sectors. According to the International Zinc Association (IZA), refined zinc demand is forecast to increase by 1%, with notable growth in India and the United States, while China and Europe show moderate gains.

Meanwhile, the zinc supply landscape is recovering after a contraction in 2024. ILZSG projects global mine supply will increase by 4.3% this year, supported by new output from the Kipushi, Tara, and Buenavista mines. However, some production sites, including Russia’s Ozernoye and the Red Dog mine in the U.S., may fall short of expectations, highlighting persistent uncertainty in the zinc supply chain.

Smelter expansions are also contributing to a long-term supply rebound. Boliden’s Odda 4.0 project in Norway is on track to reach 350,000 t/yr capacity in the second half of 2025. Additional capacity from the Nordenham smelter in Germany and new Chinese smelters will be partially offset by weaker output from facilities in Canada, Italy, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. As a result, the ILZSG forecasts a global surplus of 93,000 tonnes in 2025, reversing last year’s deficit of 62,000 tonnes.

Automotive and Green Tech to Sustain Long-Term Zinc Growth

The automotive industry remains a key driver of zinc consumption, particularly in galvanised steel for vehicle bodies. Western markets already have high galvanisation rates, while China and India are rapidly catching up. The IZA forecasts a 22% increase in auto-sector zinc use by 2030, translating to an additional 140,000 tonnes of demand.

India’s rapid urban development and China’s robust manufacturing output are also boosting zinc demand across infrastructure and consumer goods. In Europe, public investment in infrastructure and defence, especially in Germany, is expected to support a moderate recovery in zinc usage from late 2025 onward.

Green energy technologies — including wind, solar, and battery systems — are also emerging as major zinc consumers. The IZA projects demand from green tech will exceed 652,000 tonnes by 2030, with more than $1 billion already invested in zinc-based energy storage systems.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Zinc's supply-demand fundamentals are gradually stabilizing, with rising industrial and green-tech consumption offsetting geopolitical and logistical risks. The rebound in mine and smelter capacity suggests a structurally balanced market may return by 2025. However, long-term resilience will depend on investment in both primary production and recycling infrastructure.

China 2026 economic policy direction signals metals demand lift

China

China’s top leadership set China 2026 economic policy direction after a high-level meeting today. The meeting backed a moderately loose stance. It also pushed faster green energy development. As a result, China 2026 economic policy direction points to higher demand for industrial inputs.

The meeting called for flexible use of policy tools. Leaders cited reserve requirement reductions and interest rate cuts. Therefore, China 2026 economic policy direction could lower financing costs. It could also support investment and construction activity.

Easier money can pull forward infrastructure and materials demand

Policy easing can boost national strategic projects and infrastructure builds. It can also support urban renewal spending. Consequently, demand can rise for steel, cement, and non-ferrous metals. Energy consumption can also climb.

Lower rates can speed inventory liquidation across bulk commodities. Therefore, spot availability can tighten faster than expected. That dynamic can help underpin commodity prices. However, the scale depends on execution details.

Green transition and AI add a new layer to supply chain signals

The meeting reaffirmed the green energy transition goal. It urged faster construction of new energy systems. It also promoted broader green electricity use. Meanwhile, it highlighted strengthening the national carbon emissions trading market.

Leaders also emphasized accelerating artificial intelligence development. They also signaled support for real estate stabilization. As a result, downstream demand for copper, aluminum, and specialty materials can improve. However, markets will wait for concrete policy specifics.

The policy signal followed comments from the International Monetary Fund in Beijing on 10 December. The IMF noted resilience despite challenges. It also forecast 5% growth for 2025. China’s GDP growth slowed to 4.8% in July–September. However, January–September growth reached 5.2%.

The Metalnomist Commentary

China’s policy stance matters most for metals through construction momentum and credit availability. However, green power expansion can shift demand toward copper, aluminum, and grid materials. Therefore, watch the first quarter policy details for real volume signals.

Hydro Powers Up Green Energy Transition at Alunorte Refinery with New Electric Boilers

Norsk Hydro

Norsk Hydro, a leading global aluminum producer, has announced the commissioning of two new electric boilers at its Alunorte alumina refinery in Pará, Brazil. This significant step is projected to slash the refinery's CO2 emissions by an impressive 550,000 tonnes annually, marking a major milestone in Hydro's decarbonization strategy.

Renewable Energy Powering the Future

These cutting-edge electric boilers will be fueled by renewable energy sources, thanks to long-term power purchase agreements (PPAs) secured by Alunorte with the Mendubim solar park and the Ventos de Sao Zacarias wind farm. This strategic move away from fossil fuels underscores Hydro's commitment to sustainable operations and environmental stewardship.

Phasing Out Coal and Fuel Oil

The newly installed boilers replace two outdated coal-fired units, building upon the successful installation of the first electric boiler in 2022.  Hydro has invested NOK 580 million (approximately $51 million USD) in this transition from coal to renewable energy at Alunorte. This investment demonstrates Hydro's dedication to achieving its ambitious target of reducing the refinery's carbon emissions by up to 70% by 2030.  Furthermore, Hydro transitioned to natural gas at Alunorte in August, following a $240 million investment to replace fuel oil. The company plans to eventually power all of the facility's calciners with natural gas, further minimizing its environmental footprint.

“Alunorte is already among the most energy-efficient refineries and this project is moving us even further in our decarbonisation efforts,” said Carlos Neves, Hydro’s vice-president for bauxite and alumina operations.  This statement highlights the company's proactive approach to sustainability and its leadership in the aluminum industry's green energy transition.

Mercedes bets on green aluminium from Norway's Hydro for next-gen CLA

Mercedes aluminium body

Mercedes is turning to green aluminium from Norway's Hydro to cut embedded emissions in its new CLA model. The green aluminium from Norway's Hydro is certified at just 3kg of CO₂ per kilogram of metal across mining, refining, smelting and casting. This compares with a global average of 16.7kg, giving Mercedes a meaningful reduction in material-related emissions. The alloy also contains 25pc post-consumer scrap, which further lowers its lifecycle footprint and supports circular-economy targets.

However, the company’s claim that CLA production is “net carbon-neutral” still depends on offsets. Mercedes powers the plant with 100pc renewable electricity, mainly externally sourced hydropower, which materially cuts scope 2 emissions. But scope 1 emissions from on-site processes and logistics, as well as upstream emissions from suppliers, remain. Therefore, the move to green aluminium from Norway's Hydro is a genuine step forward, even if the overall net-zero claim rests partly on controversial offset mechanisms that investors often scrutinise.

Green aluminium supports low-carbon steel and battery initiatives

The CLA’s use of green aluminium from Norway's Hydro forms part of a broader materials decarbonisation strategy. Mercedes says its latest battery cell design cuts emissions by about 30pc per cell through renewable energy in anode and cathode production. The company also relies on “net carbon-neutral” cell manufacturing at suppliers, since it does not produce cells in-house. As a result, the true impact depends on supplier practices and verification of their renewable power usage.

Meanwhile, Mercedes is layering in low-carbon steel to tackle emissions in chassis and body-in-white applications. The CLA incorporates steel from US producer Nucor’s Econiq-RE range, made using 100pc renewable energy. Mercedes also has a deal with Steel Dynamics for more than 50,000 t/yr of CO₂-reduced steel for its Tuscaloosa plant. Together with green aluminium from Norway's Hydro, these supply contracts show how OEMs are weaponising procurement to reduce embodied carbon ahead of incoming carbon border measures.

Demand for certified green aluminium rises faster than headline prices

Demand for certified low-carbon aluminium is rising as automakers prepare for tighter climate regulations and potential carbon border charges. Carmakers want to cut embedded emissions at the material level, especially for high-intensity metals such as aluminium and steel. This is likely to support growing premiums for Hydro’s Reduxa-style green aluminium grades and similar products from competitors. As a result, upstream smelters with renewable power and high scrap usage gain a strategic pricing advantage.

However, headline aluminium prices on global exchanges remain relatively stable despite bullish long-term forecasts. London Metal Exchange cash aluminium has traded in a narrow range over the past year, even as demand for differentiated “green” material accelerates. This suggests that the value is migrating into contract premiums and long-term offtake deals instead of the base price. Over time, producers unable to demonstrate low-carbon credentials may find themselves pushed into a discounted “grey” segment of the market.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Mercedes’ partnership around green aluminium from Norway's Hydro shows how decarbonisation is increasingly driven by procurement, not just tailpipe regulation. For metals producers, the message is clear: access to cheap renewable power and high-quality scrap streams will shape competitiveness more than pure tonnage growth. As carbon accounting tightens, the premium for verifiable low-carbon tonnes is likely to widen, rewarding early movers across the aluminium value chain.

EGA Aluminium Recycling Strategy Expands With Eco Green Acquisition

EGA Aluminium Recycling

EGA aluminium recycling strategy has advanced with Emirates Global Aluminium agreeing to acquire an 80% stake in Italian aluminium recycler Eco Green. The deal strengthens EGA’s recycled aluminium footprint in Europe and adds another foreign recycling platform to its growing international network.

Eco Green operates near Verona in northeast Italy. The company collects, sorts and distributes around 23,000 t/yr of aluminium scrap, while its nearby casting facility produces more than 20,000 t/yr of secondary aluminium sows.

EGA aluminium recycling capacity will expand further because Eco Green is planning an additional 15,000 t/yr of recycled aluminium capacity at its casting facility. This gives EGA both existing production and near-term growth potential in the European secondary aluminium market.

The acquisition shows that EGA is moving beyond its traditional UAE-based integrated aluminium model. Instead of relying only on primary metal expansion, the company is buying recycling assets closer to scrap sources and downstream customers.

Eco Green Adds European Scrap and Casting Capacity

Eco Green gives EGA direct access to Italian aluminium scrap collection, sorting and secondary casting capacity. This is strategically important because scrap access is becoming a core competitive advantage in aluminium.

Secondary aluminium requires far less energy than primary aluminium. It also helps customers reduce embedded carbon in automotive, packaging, construction and industrial products.

The Verona-area location gives Eco Green access to Europe’s mature industrial scrap flows. Italy is one of Europe’s major manufacturing centres, which supports steady availability of post-industrial aluminium scrap.

The casting facility also gives EGA a route to convert collected scrap into secondary aluminium sows. This strengthens value capture because the business is not limited to scrap trading or sorting.

The planned 15,000 t/yr expansion will deepen that position. It should allow Eco Green to process more scrap internally and support EGA’s broader recycled aluminium supply targets.

EGA Builds a Global Secondary Aluminium Platform

The Eco Green deal follows EGA’s acquisition of German recycling company Leichtmetalle in 2024. EGA later announced an expansion of that facility, which will increase capacity more than six-fold.

EGA also bought a majority stake in US secondary aluminium smelter Spectro Alloys in 2024. Since then, it has announced two expansions that will lift Spectro’s total capacity to more than 200,000 t/yr of secondary aluminium ingots and billets, from 110,000 t/yr previously.

Following the Eco Green acquisition, EGA aluminium recycling capacity will total more than 400,000 t/yr across the UAE, Europe and the US. A further 200,000 t/yr is under development.

This creates a more diversified aluminium business. EGA can still rely on its primary aluminium base in the UAE, but recycling gives it lower-carbon growth in key consuming regions.

The strategy also responds to customer demand. Buyers increasingly want aluminium with lower carbon intensity, traceable scrap inputs and regional supply security.

For EGA, recycled aluminium acquisitions offer faster market entry than building new primary smelting capacity. They also reduce exposure to energy-intensive growth and place the company closer to circular aluminium supply chains.

The Metalnomist Commentary

EGA’s Eco Green acquisition confirms that global aluminium competition is shifting toward scrap control and secondary capacity. The winners in low-carbon aluminium will not only own smelters; they will own regional recycling networks close to customers.

Australia Invests $63 Million in Neoen’s Renewable Energy Projects

Neoen

The Australian government has committed A$100 million ($63.2 million) in funding to French renewable energy producer, Neoen, to support the development of three large-scale renewable energy and battery storage projects in Australia. This investment reflects Australia's ongoing push to expand its renewable energy infrastructure and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Focus on Battery Storage and Solar Power

The three projects in question include:

1. A 341MW Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in Western Australia.
2. A 270MW BESS in Queensland.
3. A 440MW peak solar farm in New South Wales.

These projects, which are still under development, aim to enhance Australia's energy security by integrating large-scale storage solutions with renewable energy generation. The Western Australia BESS is particularly significant as it will be an extension of the already operational Collie Battery Energy Storage System, which stores and discharges 219MW of power. Once both parts of the Collie system are fully operational, they will support up to 20% of the state's average energy needs.

Neoen’s New South Wales solar farm, known as the Culcairn Solar Farm, is scheduled to begin generating 800 GWh/year by 2026, covering an area of 1,000 hectares. While a BESS at the site is a possibility, Neoen has yet to make any official announcements regarding that development.

Role of the Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC)

The Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC), a state-owned green investment fund, is providing the funding to Neoen. The CEFC has already been involved in funding a total of 2.3GW worth of battery storage projects across Australia, playing a crucial role in the country's transition to a cleaner, more sustainable energy grid.

Australia’s Renewable Energy Growth

Renewable energy generation has surged across Australia, now accounting for 25% of the country’s total power generation in 2023, up from 17% in 2017. During the same period, the combined share of gas and coal in power generation fell from 81% to 63%. This shift aligns with the government’s broader climate goals, including decarbonizing the energy sector and ensuring energy resilience.

The funding commitment to Neoen comes just a day after the Australian government allocated A$14.1 million to GrainCorp and Ampol to promote the development of sustainable aviation fuels and renewable diesel.

Anson lithium offtake deal with LG anchors US brine project

Anson Resources

Anson lithium offtake deal with LG Energy Solution marks a major step for US brine-based lithium supply. Under the Anson lithium offtake deal, LG Energy Solution will purchase 4,000 t/yr of battery-grade lithium carbonate from 2028. This Anson lithium offtake deal secures 40pc of planned nameplate output at the Green River project in Utah’s Paradox Basin.

Offtake secures long-term demand for Green River lithium

The Anson lithium offtake deal gives the Green River brine project a strong anchor customer before construction is complete. Pricing will follow a market-linked formula, aligning contract economics with prevailing battery-grade lithium carbonate prices. As a result, Anson can reduce price risk while still capturing upside in tighter markets.

Meanwhile, the five-year contract, plus an option for another five years, offers rare visibility on future cash flows. LG Energy Solution secures North American lithium carbonate to support its global cell manufacturing footprint. For Anson, this agreement strengthens its bankability as it finalises project financing and engineering.

Fast-track permitting for Green River is reportedly 90pc complete, which should shorten the path to first production. Therefore, the offtake timing from 2028 fits with Anson’s development schedule and gives lenders confidence in future sales volumes.

Korean partnerships deepen technology and market access

The offtake with LG builds on Anson’s earlier link-up with South Korea’s Posco on direct lithium extraction. Under a non-binding agreement, Posco will help build a demonstration plant to test DLE technology at Green River. This Korean axis could give Anson both advanced process technology and long-term market access in Asia.

At the same time, the royalty framework with the Utah government, scaled between 1–5pc, ties state revenues to market conditions. This structure can help align public and private interests through the commodity cycle. If prices strengthen, Utah benefits more, while Anson keeps flexibility during weaker periods.

In strategic terms, Green River’s brine resource adds another US-based option as automakers seek to diversify away from traditional hard-rock supply chains. With LG Energy Solution locked in, the project moves from concept to a credible node in regional battery materials infrastructure.

The Metalnomist Commentary

This offtake shows how mid-tier developers can de-risk brine projects by securing blue-chip battery customers early. If Anson delivers on DLE performance and schedule, Green River could become a template for future US brine developments. However, capex inflation, technology execution and permitting timelines will still determine whether contracted volumes translate into reliable long-term supply.

LME Green Premium Plans Aim to Redefine Sustainable Metals Pricing

LME

The LME green premium plans mark a new phase in transparent pricing for low-carbon metals. The London Metal Exchange will work with its new HKEX Group subsidiary in Dubai to publish green premiums for LME-registered copper, aluminium, nickel and zinc with enhanced sustainability credentials. These LME green premium plans seek to turn voluntary ESG claims into priceable attributes, giving producers a clearer route to monetise decarbonisation efforts. However, the success of LME green premium plans will depend on credible thresholds and sufficient traded liquidity.

How LME green premium plans will work

Under the proposal, the LME will first define premium sustainability thresholds for each metal. These thresholds will use internationally recognised methodologies and remain under periodic review. Brands that meet the thresholds will be eligible for trading on Metalshub’s sustainable metals segment, creating a distinct pool of verified low-carbon units. As a result, the LME green premium plans link brand eligibility directly to measurable ESG performance, rather than broad marketing claims.

Meanwhile, newly formed HKEX subsidiary Commodity Pricing and Analysis (CPAL) will act as pricing administrator. CPAL will publish green premiums based on Metalshub transaction data and wider physical market intelligence. This structure attempts to ensure that any quoted green premium reflects real traded values, not theoretical estimates. The LME has also launched a discussion paper to gather feedback on CPAL’s methodologies, signalling openness to industry input before finalising the framework.

Implications for producers and buyers

For producers, the LME green premium plans offer a possible route to recover decarbonisation costs through differentiated pricing. Smelters and refiners that invest in renewable power, recycling and process optimisation could gain a premium over standard brands. However, the LME acknowledges that not every metal may show a clear premium immediately, especially where green supply remains limited or buyers resist paying extra.

For buyers, transparent green premiums could simplify procurement strategies. Large OEMs and traders could reference CPAL’s published differentials when sourcing lower-carbon metal, instead of negotiating bespoke ESG surcharges. Therefore, the LME framework may support more standardised contracts for sustainable metals, especially in automotive, packaging and energy infrastructure supply chains. Ultimately, the credibility of LME green premium plans will hinge on robust verification, clear data and the avoidance of double counting across schemes.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The LME is moving from passive disclosure to active price discovery for sustainable metals, which is a significant shift. If CPAL delivers liquid, trusted benchmarks, green premiums could finally move from conference panels to contract clauses. The bigger question is whether clear price signals will accelerate decarbonisation fast enough in carbon-intensive segments like aluminium and nickel.

Brazil Indonesia Energy and Mining Partnership Targets Cleaner Growth

Brazil Indonesia Energy and Mining

Brazil Indonesia energy and mining partnership is moving from basic trade to strategic cooperation in fuels and minerals. The two countries signed a memorandum of understanding to coordinate energy, mining and power grid initiatives as they seek lower-carbon growth. As a result, the Brazil Indonesia energy and mining partnership is evolving into a broader platform for decarbonisation, investment and technology exchange.

MoU extends Brazil Indonesia energy and mining partnership into hydrocarbons and power

The memorandum of understanding covers crude, natural gas, renewable power, energy efficiency and power grid cooperation. Brazil and Indonesia will also collaborate on mineral sustainability, signalling interest in responsible mining and critical raw materials. Therefore, the Brazil Indonesia energy and mining partnership now stretches from upstream hydrocarbons to electricity networks and metals value chains.

Bilateral trade between Brazil and Indonesia already totals about $6.2bn a year. Brazil mainly ships soymeal, crude, sugar and molasses, while Indonesia exports tallow, vegetable fats and vehicle parts. However, the new deal could gradually shift the mix toward more energy and mining technology, services and project-level collaboration.

Biofuel leadership strengthens Brazil Indonesia energy and mining partnership

Both countries see biofuels as a cornerstone of their energy transition. Indonesia has moved to a 40pc biodiesel blend in fossil diesel, cutting oil import needs. Meanwhile, Brazil already runs a 15pc biodiesel blend and a 30pc ethanol blend in road fuels.

These aggressive blending mandates create robust demand for feedstocks, refining technology and logistics. As a result, the Brazil Indonesia energy and mining partnership can link biofuel know-how with wider mining and infrastructure cooperation. Over time, joint projects in green hydrogen, advanced biofuels and grid upgrades could emerge from this policy alignment.

The focus on mineral sustainability also suggests potential cooperation on phosphate, nickel, bauxite or other key inputs to fertilisers and batteries. In addition, both countries may seek common standards on ESG, land use and community engagement in mining. This would help attract global capital that increasingly screens mining and energy assets for climate and social performance.

The Metalnomist Commentary

This agreement shows how South–South alliances are becoming more important in global energy and mining governance. If the MoU translates into concrete investment in grids, renewables and sustainable mining, Brazil and Indonesia could position themselves as pivotal suppliers in a lower-carbon economy. Investors should watch for follow-on deals linking biofuels, critical minerals and grid modernisation under this new framework.

Utah Direct Lithium Extraction Project Advances With Posco-Anson Partnership

Anson Resources

Utah direct lithium extraction development is moving forward after Posco and Anson Resources agreed to build a demonstration plant at the Green River Lithium project in the Paradox Basin.

Utah direct lithium extraction will use Anson’s brine resources, while Posco will lead the design, construction and operation of the demonstration facility. Posco will also pay Anson a $5.2mn facilitation fee under the agreement.

Utah direct lithium extraction is strategically important because the project targets domestic battery-grade lithium production without relying on conventional evaporation ponds. Operations at the demonstration facility are scheduled to begin in 2027, with completion expected in 2028.

The wider Green River project is designed to produce 10,000 t/yr of lithium carbonate and has already secured major permits, financing interest and an anchor customer.

DLE Demonstration Will Test Commercial Processing Route

The demonstration plant will determine whether Posco’s DLE technology can recover lithium from Green River brines efficiently and consistently enough for commercial-scale production.

Direct lithium extraction is attracting growing interest because it can potentially reduce land use and shorten processing times compared with traditional brine evaporation.

However, commercial performance depends heavily on brine chemistry, recovery rates, reagent consumption and water management. Demonstration-scale operation is therefore a critical step before committing to full production.

Posco’s involvement adds technical and industrial expertise to the project. The Korean group has been expanding across battery materials and lithium supply chains, giving the Green River project a stronger downstream connection.

If the demonstration performs as expected, Anson would have a clearer route toward financing and construction of the 10,000 t/yr commercial operation.

Financing and Offtake Strengthen Green River Economics

Green River has already secured several important elements needed for project development.

The US Export-Import Bank has issued a $330mn letter of interest, providing a potential source of debt financing for the project.

Anson also has a binding offtake agreement with LG Energy Solution covering 40% of expected production. That provides long-term demand visibility and directly connects future Utah lithium output with battery manufacturing.

Estimated capital expenditure stands at $495mn, while projected operating costs are $4.37/kg of lithium carbonate equivalent.

Those economics could make Green River competitive if the DLE process reaches targeted recoveries and operating performance.

The combination of Posco technology, US financing support and LG Energy Solution offtake also illustrates how lithium projects are increasingly being developed through integrated partnerships rather than mining companies acting alone.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Green River is becoming a test of whether DLE can move from promising technology to bankable US lithium production. Posco’s involvement reduces technical risk, while Ex-Im financing and LG Energy Solution offtake strengthen the project’s commercial foundation.

Hunan Yuneng Breaks LFP Production Record in 2024 Amid Soaring Global Demand

Hunan Yuneng

Surging NEV and Energy Storage Markets Drive Output Growth Despite Falling Prices

LFP Output Hits All-Time High in 2024

Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery Material, China's largest lithium iron phosphate (LFP) material producer, reported record output in 2024. The company produced 735,462 tonnes of LFP, a 46% year-on-year increase, amid surging demand from new energy vehicles (NEVs) and energy storage markets.

Despite a 101% capacity utilization rate, Yuneng’s sales also saw strong growth, reaching 710,565 tonnes, up by 40% from 2023. Notably, 41% of its output supported the fast-growing energy storage segment, reflecting China's pivot toward green energy infrastructure.

Profit Declines on Price Pressures

While production surged, Yuneng’s financial performance declined. Operating income dropped 45% to 22.6 billion yuan ($3.1 billion), and net profit fell by 62% to 594 million yuan. The primary cause was a sustained decline in LFP prices, which affected margins across the sector.

Nevertheless, Yuneng is continuing its expansion efforts. The firm announced plans in 2024 to build a 50,000 t/yr LFP plant in Spain, marking its first overseas venture. This move targets rising European demand for LFP cathodes, particularly from automakers transitioning to LFP-based battery chemistries.

LFP Remains Dominant in China’s Battery Mix

According to China Automotive Battery Innovation Alliance (Cabir), China produced 1,096.8GWh of power and energy storage batteries in 2024. LFP batteries dominated, accounting for 74.4% of the total. Hunan Yuneng’s strong supply ties with CATL, BYD, and other major LFP battery makers have further solidified its leading role in the sector.

As global automakers and energy firms adopt LFP batteries for their cost, safety, and longevity advantages, Yuneng appears well-positioned to expand its global influence despite temporary market headwinds.

China-Russia Energy Cooperation Deepens as Beijing and Moscow Broaden Industrial Ties

China-Russia

China-Russia energy cooperation is set to deepen after both countries agreed to expand collaboration across energy, chemicals, metallurgy, agriculture and manufacturing. The pledge followed Russian president Vladimir Putin’s state visit to Beijing on 19-20 May.

China-Russia energy cooperation remains the core of the bilateral relationship. Oil, gas, coal, nuclear power and renewables all featured in the joint statement, showing that energy security remains central to both countries’ strategic alignment.

China-Russia energy cooperation also has wider industrial meaning. Stable Russian energy flows support China’s manufacturing base, while Russian suppliers gain a critical long-term market as western sanctions continue to reshape trade.

The two countries also agreed to extend their treaty of good-neighbourliness and friendly co-operation. That move reinforces a long-term political framework for resource trade, industrial projects and supply-chain coordination.

Energy and Nuclear Ties Anchor Strategic Partnership

Energy remains the strongest pillar of China-Russia trade. Russia is China’s largest supplier of pipeline gas, delivering through a 38bn m³/yr pipeline and accounting for about 45% of China’s pipeline gas imports.

However, the joint statement did not confirm progress on a second major gas pipeline. That omission suggests that both sides still have commercial or political issues to resolve before expanding pipeline capacity further.

Russian crude also remains important to China. China imported an average of 2.53mn b/d of Russian crude in January-April, up from 2.01mn b/d a year earlier.

The buyer structure is shifting. State-owned Chinese refiners have reduced some purchases since tighter US sanctions began last October, while independent refiners remain more focused on margins and cargo economics.

Nuclear energy is another strategic link. China and Russia will continue work on the Tianwan and Xudabao nuclear projects, which are expected to come online around 2026-28.

The two countries also plan to cooperate on advanced nuclear technologies, including fast reactors, fusion power and closed fuel cycle systems. This gives the relationship a long-term technology dimension beyond fossil fuel trade.

Renewable energy also appeared in the statement, including green power certificates. That language shows both sides want energy cooperation to cover low-carbon systems, even while oil, gas and coal remain central.

Agriculture, Metallurgy and Manufacturing Deepen Trade Flows

Agriculture is becoming a larger part of the partnership. China and Russia agreed to expand bilateral trade in meat, seafood, grains, oilseeds, vegetable oils and feed protein meals.

China already allows Russian beef and by-products that meet registration and disease-free zone requirements. It also lifted restrictions on Russian pork exports after a long ban linked to African swine fever.

Russia has become a key supplier of sunflower and rapeseed oils to China. It is also China’s largest source of non-GM soybean imports, making food security another strategic layer in the relationship.

Metallurgy and chemicals also remain important. China’s non-ferrous sector imports selected Russian raw materials, including antimony concentrate.

This matters because antimony is a critical material for flame retardants, lead alloys, ammunition, batteries and defence-related applications. Russian supply can help China manage raw material availability in niche but strategic metals.

The two countries also plan to deepen cooperation in automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding and civil aviation. Chinese automakers have already invested in Russian production, while Russia remains an important market for Chinese vehicles, including electric vehicles.

The wider industrial direction is clear. China and Russia are not only increasing commodity trade. They are building a broader economic partnership that connects energy, raw materials, food, manufacturing and strategic technologies.

The Metalnomist Commentary

China and Russia are building a resource-and-industry bloc designed to withstand western pressure. The metals market should watch the metallurgy and critical minerals angle closely, because raw material flows such as antimony can become strategically important even when volumes are small.

China’s GEM to Back Indonesia’s Green Nickel with HPAL Investment

Green Eco-Manufacture (GEM)

Chinese battery metals leader Green Eco-Manufacture (GEM) has entered into a groundbreaking partnership with Indonesia's PT Vale Indonesia (PTVI) to develop a high-pressure acid leaching (HPAL) project in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This venture aims to bolster the green energy transition in the nickel sector, a vital component of the rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry.

Key Highlights of the HPAL Project

The HPAL facility will process nickel ore supplied by PTVI to produce 66,000 tons per year (t/yr) of mixed hydroxide precipitate (MHP) in nickel metal equivalent. MHP is a precursor for advanced battery materials like nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM) and cathode active materials (CAM), essential for lithium-ion batteries used in EVs.

Ownership Dynamics and Strategic Growth

Initially, GEM held a 70% stake in the project, while PTVI owned the remaining 30%. However, GEM’s ownership will be reduced to 25% or less, as additional third-party investors join the initiative. This strategic realignment aims to diversify financial backing and enhance the project’s scalability.

Expansion of GEM’s Nickel Ventures

GEM recently completed the second phase of its QMB nickel project in Morowali, Indonesia, achieving a total production capacity of 65,000 t/yr of nickel metal equivalent in MHP. This marks a significant milestone in its push to solidify its footprint in Indonesia’s resource-rich battery ecosystem.

China-Indonesia Collaboration in the EV Sector

The partnership reflects a broader trend of increasing China-Indonesia collaboration in the EV supply chain. Earlier this year, Indonesian mining giant PT Aneka Tambang (Antam) transferred subsidiary shares to China’s Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL), the world’s largest EV battery manufacturer.

As the global EV market continues to expand, these collaborations are poised to make Indonesia a cornerstone of the world’s green energy revolution, leveraging its abundant nickel reserves to meet soaring demand for sustainable battery materials.

EU Green Procurement Rules Face Industry Criticism Over Weak Steel and Fertilizer Demand

Hydrogen Europe

EU green procurement rules are drawing sharp criticism from Hydrogen Europe after leaked draft legislation reduced the proposed low-carbon steel requirement in public procurement to 25pc from an earlier 70pc. The industry group said the change weakens the demand signal needed to support green steel, hydrogen, and low-carbon industrial investment.

EU green procurement rules in the latest draft require steel used in buildings, infrastructure, and transport projects to include at least 25pc low-carbon steel by volume. Hydrogen Europe argues that this level is too low to create a bankable market for emerging producers such as Stegra, Hydnum Steel, Saarstahl, and Salzgitter.

The dispute highlights a central problem in Europe’s industrial transition. Producers are being asked to invest in low-carbon steel, hydrogen, and cleaner fertilizers, but public procurement rules may not create enough guaranteed demand to justify those investments.

Low-Carbon Steel Requirement Falls Short of Industry Expectations

The reduction from 70pc to 25pc changes the industrial meaning of the proposal. A higher procurement target would have created a stronger lead market for European green steel, giving producers clearer demand visibility and helping justify capital spending on hydrogen-based and low-emission production routes.

Hydrogen Europe said the current draft does little to improve competitiveness against Chinese steel and Russian fertilizer imports. This is important because European producers face higher energy costs, strict carbon rules, and heavy investment requirements, while import competition continues to pressure margins.

The Industrial Accelerator Act still recognizes energy-intensive sectors through greenhouse gas intensity classification systems. These include fertilizers, chemicals, rubber, paper, plastics, coke, refined petroleum products, cement, glass, steel, and aluminium. However, the draft does not set green public procurement requirements for most of these product groups.

Fertilizer Sector Waits for Stronger Demand Measures

The fertilizer sector appears to receive limited support in the current draft. Industry sources said the sector may need to wait for the Fertiliser Action Plan, expected in the second quarter, for more concrete demand-side measures.

Low-carbon fertilizers matter because they connect clean ammonia, hydrogen demand, agriculture, and food supply chains. However, procurement requirements are more politically complex because agriculture remains highly sensitive to cost increases and supply security concerns.

The final clean product procurement percentage will be negotiated over the next 12-18 months by the European parliament and EU member states. That process will determine whether EU green procurement rules become a serious industrial policy tool or remain a limited climate-labeling framework.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Europe’s problem is no longer only technology readiness; it is market creation. Without stronger demand rules for low-carbon steel, hydrogen, and fertilizers, the EU risks asking companies to invest in clean capacity without giving them a reliable customer base.

Chinese PV Industry Faces Overcapacity and Profit Losses: IEA Reports

Iea(The International Energy Agency)

The International Energy Agency (IEA) has issued a concerning report highlighting the overcapacity and declining profitability in China’s photovoltaic (PV) industry, which is the dominant force in the global solar energy supply chain. The report, presented during a webinar this Thursday, sheds light on the financial struggles faced by major Chinese manufacturers such as JA Solar Technology and LONGi Green Energy Technology, which have reported significant losses in their recent financial statements.

According to Izumi Kaizuka, an analyst at the IEA, the mood at the 17th SNEC PV conference in Shanghai this June was grim. Kaizuka quoted the founder of GCL Group, a major PV manufacturer, who expressed concern that the Chinese PV industry is "entering an ice age" due to a severe imbalance in supply and demand. The report also highlighted the bankruptcy of Zhejiang Akcome, one of China’s leading PV manufacturers, earlier this year, with the IEA predicting more closures in the near future.

China's Dominance in Global PV Production

Despite the struggles at home, China continues to dominate the global PV industry. In 2023, China accounted for more than half of the 456GW of global solar power capacity added, and nine of the top 10 PV suppliers in the first half of 2024 were Chinese-owned. The country has increased its production share across all segments of the PV supply chain, including polysilicon, crystalline silicon wafers, solar cells, and PV modules, with its share reaching 92%, 98%, 92%, and 85%, respectively, in 2023.

The rapid expansion of China’s PV capacity is evident, with the country increasing its own year-on-year solar additions by 123% from 2022 to 2023, followed by Italy (113%) and Germany (109%). However, the global demand for PV capacity is pushing countries like the EU and the US to expand their own solar production capabilities, with the EU installing over 56GW in 2023 alone.

The EU's Push for Solar Manufacturing

In response to its growing reliance on Chinese imports, the European Union (EU) has set ambitious targets to scale up domestic production of PV panels. Under the Net-Zero Industry Act, the EU aims to produce at least 40% of its annual needs for strategic net-zero technologies—including solar panels—by 2030. With current production at under 5GW annually, the EU is planning to ramp up its manufacturing capacity to 30GW per year by 2030 in order to meet its renewable energy goals.

As the global PV market faces challenges like overcapacity and supply-demand imbalances, the role of China in driving production and the EU’s efforts to boost its domestic capabilities will shape the future of the solar industry.

AKFA Aluminum Extrusions Plant Marks Uzbek Group’s First US Manufacturing Move

AKFA Aluminum

AKFA aluminum extrusions plant construction has started in Bowling Green, Kentucky, giving Uzbekistan-based AKFA Aluminum Solutions its first manufacturing facility in the US. The project will add extrusion, anodizing and finishing capability to the company’s international aluminium platform.

AKFA aluminum extrusions plant plans are strategically important because the US market is seeing renewed interest in domestic aluminium processing capacity. Extrusions serve construction, transportation, renewable energy, industrial systems and consumer applications.

AKFA aluminum extrusions plant operations will use recycled aluminum billets as feedstock. That gives the project a circular supply-chain angle and supports demand for lower-carbon secondary aluminium inputs.

The company has not disclosed production capacity or a construction timeline. The plant was first announced in December, and site work has now begun.

Kentucky Site Adds Extrusion and Finishing Capability

The Bowling Green facility will include anodizing and finishing capabilities. This is important because downstream customers often need more than basic extruded profiles.

Anodizing improves corrosion resistance, surface durability and appearance. Finishing capability can also help AKFA serve higher-value customers that need ready-to-use aluminium components rather than unfinished material.

The US extrusion market depends on reliable billet supply, press capacity, surface treatment and customer qualification. A plant that combines extrusion with finishing can capture more value inside the processing chain.

Recycled aluminium billets will be a key feedstock. This supports lower-carbon manufacturing and aligns with growing customer demand for recycled-content aluminium in construction, transport and renewable energy applications.

The Kentucky location also gives AKFA access to US industrial customers and logistics networks. Bowling Green is already tied to manufacturing and transportation supply chains, which could help the company build regional customer relationships.

AKFA Expands From Central Asia Into US Downstream Aluminium

AKFA Aluminum Solutions is part of AKFA Group, which operates 20 facilities across Central Asia. The group produces about 100,000 t/yr of aluminium products used in construction, transportation and renewable energy.

The US plant represents a major geographic expansion. Instead of supplying only from its established Central Asian base, AKFA is placing production closer to one of the world’s largest aluminium-consuming markets.

This matters because aluminium extrusion demand is becoming more regional. Customers want shorter lead times, lower logistics risk and greater certainty around tariffs, origin and supply reliability.

The project also fits the wider trend of aluminium manufacturers investing closer to end users. US reshoring, infrastructure demand, energy transition projects and construction-related applications are all supporting interest in domestic aluminium processing.

For AKFA, the move could open access to customers that prefer local supply and finished components. For the US market, the plant adds another source of extrusion and finishing capacity using recycled billet feedstock.

The key questions remain scale and timing. Without disclosed capacity, the market impact is difficult to measure. But strategically, the project shows that international aluminium processors see the US as an attractive destination for downstream investment.

The Metalnomist Commentary

AKFA’s Kentucky plant shows that the US aluminium opportunity is extending beyond primary smelting into extrusions, finishing and recycled billet-based manufacturing. The project’s real value will depend on whether AKFA can build qualified customer channels in construction, transport and renewable energy markets.

Michigan BESS Projects Approved to Support Grid Reliability and Data Center Growth

Michigan BESS Projects

Michigan BESS projects received regulatory approval on 27 March, adding 1,332MW of battery energy storage capacity to support grid reliability, renewable power integration and large-load electricity demand. The Michigan Public Service Commission approved six battery energy storage system projects across two major demand areas.

Three of the Michigan BESS projects will provide a combined 1,000MW to support DTE Electric’s integrated resource plan. That plan calls for adding 15,000MW of solar and wind generation in Michigan, making storage capacity essential for balancing intermittent renewable output.

The remaining three projects, totalling 332MW, will support a 1,383MW data center being developed by Green Chile Ventures, an Oracle subsidiary. The storage assets are intended to improve reliability and reduce costs for customers as data center electricity demand rises.

Battery Storage Becomes Critical for Renewable Grid Planning

Battery energy storage systems are becoming a core part of Michigan’s clean power buildout. DTE Electric’s 1,000MW of approved storage will be tied to 20-year tolling agreements, giving the utility more flexibility as solar and wind capacity expands.

This matters because renewable power growth requires fast-response assets that can shift electricity from periods of high generation to periods of high demand. BESS projects can also reduce strain on the grid during peak periods and support more reliable power delivery.

Michigan BESS projects therefore represent more than a backup power investment. They are part of the infrastructure needed to make renewable generation useful at scale and to protect grid stability as electricity demand grows.

Data Center Demand Adds a New Storage Growth Channel

The data center-linked BESS projects show how artificial intelligence and cloud infrastructure are reshaping power markets. Green Chile Ventures must develop 1,383MW of energy storage to match the contracted demand of its data center project.

The approved 332MW is only the first phase of that requirement. Green Chile Ventures will bear the costs over 15 years, while DTE Electric will develop, own and operate the facilities.

This structure highlights a wider market trend. Data centers need faster power access, and battery storage can help bridge the gap between project timelines, grid constraints and customer affordability concerns. Michigan already hosts 74 data centers, with Detroit accounting for 32, making power infrastructure an increasingly important competitiveness factor.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Michigan BESS projects show that battery storage is becoming essential infrastructure for both renewable energy and AI-driven data center growth. The next bottleneck will not only be battery supply, but also transformers, grid equipment, copper, aluminium and permitting capacity.