US Steel Gary Tin Mill Restart Targets Domestic Tinplate Supply Security

US Steel

US Steel Gary Tin Mill production is set to restart in early 2027 as the integrated steel producer moves to rebuild domestic tin coated steel supply. The idled facility is part of US Steel’s wider Gary Works complex in Indiana.

The US Steel Gary Tin Mill has roughly 500,000 short tons of idled capacity across two production lines. The mill has been offline since 2022, but the company now plans to bring it back after maintenance, equipment inspection, material procurement and workforce preparation.

US Steel Gary Tin Mill restart costs are estimated at $15mn-20mn. The investment is relatively modest compared with a greenfield project, but the industrial significance is larger because tin coated steel has become a more sensitive domestic supply issue.

The restart comes as US customers seek more dependable local supply for packaging and industrial applications. It also reflects a wider shift toward trade protection, domestic manufacturing resilience and reduced exposure to imported coated steel products.

Trade Cases Support Domestic Tin Coated Steel Production

US Steel framed the restart as a response to domestic tin demand in a more protectionist trade environment. The company said customers are increasingly focused on long-term domestic supply security.

On 9 April, US Steel and the United Steelworkers union filed an antidumping duty case against China, Taiwan and Turkey. The case covers imports of tin and chromium coated sheet steel.

A separate countervailing duty case was also filed against subsidised tin coated steel products from China. These trade actions could support domestic producers if authorities determine that imports are unfairly priced or subsidised.

The timing is important. Restarting the Gary Tin Mill would give US Steel more capacity to serve customers if duties raise import costs or reduce import availability.

Tin coated steel is used in food and beverage packaging, aerosol products and oil filtration goods. These are not speculative markets. They are established industrial and consumer supply chains where reliability, quality and delivery timing matter.

The restart also gives US Steel a stronger position in value-added flat steel. Tinplate and coated sheet require specific finishing capability and customer qualification, making them more specialised than commodity hot-rolled or cold-rolled products.

Packaging and Industrial Buyers Seek Reliable Local Supply

The Gary Tin Mill restart reflects the growing importance of domestic supply in packaging materials. Food and beverage packaging depends on consistent access to tin coated steel, especially for cans and other shelf-stable products.

Aerosol products and oil filtration goods also rely on coated steel for corrosion resistance, formability and product protection. These applications require stable quality and predictable supply from qualified mills.

Domestic buyers have become more sensitive to import risk. Tariffs, antidumping cases, logistics disruption and geopolitical uncertainty can all affect material availability and pricing.

US Steel’s restart could help reduce that risk by returning idled capacity to the market. However, the impact will depend on how smoothly the company completes maintenance and prepares the required workforce.

The early 2027 timeline also matters. Buyers facing uncertainty in 2026 will not see immediate supply relief, but the restart could improve medium-term market confidence.

For the US steel industry, the project shows how idled finishing capacity can regain strategic value under trade protection. Instead of building new capacity from scratch, companies can reactivate existing assets when market conditions and policy support improve.

The broader message is clear. Domestic steel supply security is expanding beyond primary steelmaking. Coated, finished and application-specific steel products are also becoming part of the industrial resilience debate.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The US Steel Gary Tin Mill restart shows how trade protection can revive idled downstream steel capacity. The key question is whether domestic buyers will commit enough demand to support the restart beyond the current tariff and trade-case cycle.

Alphamin to Restart Tin Production at DRC Mine Amid Improved Security

Alphamin Mining

Bisie Mine Operations Resume as M23 Rebels Withdraw

US-based tin producer Alphamin is restarting operations at its Bisie tin mine in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The company halted operations on March 13 due to advancing M23 rebel forces near the site.

However, the phased restart follows the withdrawal of rebel fighters toward Nyabiondo and Masisi, about 130km west of the mine. Alphamin confirmed that security remains under review as the area stabilizes.

During the shutdown, Alphamin still managed to sell and export 4,500 tonnes of tin between January 1 and April 8. An additional 280 tonnes remained in transit as of the latest update.

Tin Market Volatility Reflects Supply Concerns

The temporary closure of Bisie, combined with recent earthquakes in Myanmar, disrupted global tin supply. This led to a sharp rally in tin prices earlier this month.

On April 2, the LME three-month tin contract hit a three-year high of $38,175/t. However, news of Alphamin’s reopening, along with tariff-related uncertainty in the US, caused prices to correct. By today, tin prices settled at $31,000/t, down significantly but still elevated.

Tin production at the Bisie mine reached 4,270t in Q1, prior to the mid-March evacuation. Alphamin's ability to maintain logistical operations has helped stabilize exports despite the temporary halt in mining.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Alphamin’s return to production highlights how tin markets remain vulnerable to security risks in central Africa. With Myanmar also facing disruptions, the tin supply chain continues to face pressure. As geopolitical volatility becomes the norm, miners and manufacturers alike will need to build greater supply resilience.

Alphamin Restarts DRC Tin Production After Security Shutdown

Alphamin

Focus Keyphrase: Alphamin DRC Tin Production

Alphamin DRC tin production resumed this week following a temporary shutdown at the Bisie mine due to regional instability in eastern Congo. The phased restart began on 15 April, starting with ore stockpile processing and progressing to full underground mining later this month.

The Bisie tin mine, the largest industrial tin operation in the DRC, was evacuated in March after M23 rebels occupied nearby towns. Production halted on 13 March, and resumed only after the group withdrew from Walikale on 9 April. The evacuation led to a drop in first-quarter production to 4,720t of contained tin, down 18% from Q4 2024.

Tin Output and Sales Impacted by Security and Market Volatility

The disruption lowered Alphamin’s annual tin output target from 20,000t to 17,500t.

Sales in Q1 also dropped to 3,863t, a 22% decline compared to the previous quarter.

However, the company managed to sell 4,581t of contained tin by mid-April, showing signs of operational recovery.

Meanwhile, global tin prices remain volatile. The temporary mine closure, combined with an earthquake in Myanmar and new US tariff measures, led to large price swings.

The three-month LME tin price dropped to $30,700/t on 16 April, down from a three-year high of $38,175/t earlier in the month.

Ramp-Up Plans Underway Amid Ongoing Regional Risk

Alphamin expects full operational ramp-up within weeks. The gradual return of employees and restoration of underground mining will determine production stability in the near term. Security in eastern DRC remains a critical variable, affecting both production continuity and investor confidence.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Alphamin's quick operational recovery at Bisie highlights resilience but underscores the geopolitical risk in African mining. As tin prices remain volatile, secure and diversified supply will be key for downstream electronics and soldering markets.

ETM to buy Spanish tin, tantalum, niobium mine at Penouta

Energy Transition Minerals

ETM to buy Spanish tin, tantalum, niobium mine in a court-run auction. The €5.2mn deal secures Penouta’s mine and plant. The move strengthens EU supply of critical minerals and diversifies risk from non-OECD sources.

What ETM gets and how fast it can restart

Penouta is Spain’s only developed tin, tantalum and niobium mine. Section B covers tailings reprocessing and remained active until October. ETM can restart Section B quickly, subject to routine approvals. The site produced 603t of concentrates in 2023. Sales included 519t of tin and 110t of tantalum-columbite. Nearby logistics and existing circuits lower restart capex and execution risk.

Permitting risks and the strategic upside

Section C mining was suspended after environmental litigation in 2023. ETM plans a reinstatement bid through appeal or a new application. The process will require full administrative and environmental reviews. However, success would unlock primary ore and scale. That upside supports EU battery, aerospace and electronics supply chains. ETM to buy Spanish tin, tantalum, niobium mine also aligns with EU Critical Raw Materials goals.

Penouta strengthens price discovery for European tin and tantalum. It also diversifies niobium sourcing beyond Brazil. Meanwhile, local jobs and rehabilitation of legacy wastes aid social license. ETM to buy Spanish tin, tantalum, niobium mine positions Galicia as a strategic hub in Europe’s critical minerals map.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Penouta’s quick Section B restart could generate cash while permits advance. Yet, timing on Section C remains the swing factor for value. Watch the permitting cadence and offtake traction with European OEMs.

ITSCI Withdraws from Walikale Amid M23 Conflict, Tantalum Supply Tightens

ITSCI, DRC

M23 Takeover Forces ITSCI Exit from Key Mining Territory

The International Tin Supply Chain Initiative (ITSCI) has halted operations in Walikale, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This withdrawal follows the March takeover of the region by the M23 rebel group, escalating risks for artisanal mining activities. Walikale is a key sourcing area for conflict minerals, particularly tantalum, tin, and tungsten, collectively known as the 3Ts.

Supply of Tantalum and Tin Faces Further Pressure

ITSCI’s withdrawal adds to earlier suspensions in other North and South Kivu territories, worsening supply disruptions. The DRC is a major global producer of tantalum, and traceable material from this region is critical to many buyers. As a result, spot prices for 25% minimum tantalite have jumped 26% since January, now trading at $95–102/lb cif main port.

Tin Prices Climb Following Closure of Alphamin's Bisie Mine

Meanwhile, US-based Alphamin suspended production and evacuated its Bisie tin mine in Walikale due to growing insecurity. This high-grade tin mine is among the largest in the DRC and has played a pivotal role in global tin supply. Tin futures on the LME have risen 14% since the mine's closure, highlighting the market’s sensitivity to regional conflict.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The exit of ITSCI from Walikale underscores the fragility of critical mineral supply chains in conflict zones. With both traceability and production disrupted, supply-side shocks are expected to ripple across electronics and defense sectors. As the geopolitical stakes rise, so too will the pressure on downstream companies to secure ethical and resilient sourcing.

Cornish Metals Sells Canadian Royalties to Focus on Tin Mining in the UK

Cornish Metals, a Vancouver-based exploration company, has announced the sale of its royalty interests in the Mactung and Cantung tungsten projects in Canada to Elemental Altus Royalties for $4.5 million. This strategic move aims to prioritize the development of its tin mining operations in the UK, particularly the re-opening of the South Crofty tin mine in Cornwall.

Cornish Metals plans to focus solely on the South Crofty project, with the goal of commencing tin production by 2027. The South Crofty mine, historically significant for its tin production, is expected to produce an annual average of 4,700 tons of tin during its first six years of operation.

The Mactung project, located on the border of Yukon and Northwest Territories, is an advanced-stage exploration project owned by Fireweed Metals Corp, part of the Lundin Group. Cantung, a tungsten mine, operated intermittently from 1962 until its closure in 2015. At its peak, Cantung produced 1,350 tons per day with an average grade of nearly 1% WO3.

Elemental Altus Royalties, the buyer, specializes in providing upfront financing to mining companies in exchange for a portion of the revenue or production from their mining operations. This acquisition will add to Elemental's diverse portfolio, although they primarily focus on precious and base metals.

Cornish Metals will continue advancing the South Crofty project through various stages, including mine dewatering, resource drilling, and completing a feasibility study. The company will also explore additional downstream opportunities. An environmental assessment for South Crofty has already been completed as part of previous permitting processes.

UK Investment Revives Cornish Tin Mine

Cornish Metals

The UK's National Wealth Fund (NWF) is investing £28.6mn ($35.6mn) to reopen Cornish Metals Inc's South Crofty tin mine in Cornwall. This initiative aims to bolster the UK's critical mineral supply.

Funding to De-risk Historic Tin Mine

The NWF, owned by HM Treasury, contributes to a £56mn funding effort. This investment will refurbish and maintain the South Crofty mine, closed since 1998 after 400 years of tin production. The government's support aligns with its strategy to secure critical minerals. "Critical minerals are not only an important driver of the UK's transition to net zero, but also of the UK's growth mission," stated NWF chief executive John Flint. This investment follows the NWF's £24mn investment in Cornish Lithium in August 2023. The LME three-month tin price settled at $30,175/t.

Andrada Tantalum Concentrate Output Doubles in 2024/25

Andrada Tantalum

Andrada Mining's tantalum concentrate production rose by 100% year-on-year, marking a major boost in Namibia’s critical mineral output.

Tantalum Production Surges on Reprocessing Gains

Namibia-based Andrada Mining doubled its tantalum concentrate output to 50.6 tonnes in its fiscal year ending 2024/25. Contained tantalum reached 5.4 tonnes, with recovery improving to 4.5% through the reprocessing of previously produced concentrate. The sharp increase signals Andrada’s maturing capacity in extracting strategic metals from its Uis mine operations.

Meanwhile, Andrada’s 12-month supply deal with AfriMet ended, and the company is now evaluating new long-term offtake agreements.

Lithium and Tin Projects Expand Global Reach

Andrada’s tin concentrate production increased modestly by 2.2% year-on-year, totaling 1,507 tonnes. In parallel, its pilot lithium facility produced 128 tonnes of petalite, expanding its footprint in battery-grade minerals. In February, the company shipped its first lithium bulk sample to Japan, marking progress in global qualification efforts.

Also in February, Andrada received clearance from the Namibian Competition Commission for a strategic lithium partnership with SQM. This deal enables joint development of the Ridge Asset, which contains lithium-rich pegmatites also bearing tin and tantalum.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Andrada’s evolution from a tin miner to a multi-mineral critical metals producer reflects Namibia’s rising role in global mineral diversification. Its push into lithium and tantalum, backed by partners like SQM, positions it well in the global clean energy supply chain.

EU funding boosts sustainable indium mining at Germany’s Pohla mine

Saxore Bergbau

EU funding for sustainable indium mining is giving new life to Germany’s historic Pohla mine in Saxony. First Tin subsidiary Saxore Bergbau has secured support to prove that sustainable indium mining can be commercially viable through bioleaching, using micro-organisms instead of traditional smelting. The Tellerhauser project hosts more than 700t of indicated indium, alongside tin, tungsten and fluorspar, making it one of Europe’s largest indium deposits. This combination of scale and low-impact technology positions sustainable indium mining as a core element of Europe’s critical raw materials strategy.

Bioleaching moves sustainable indium mining into the low-emission era

The EU-backed XTRACT project will provide €200,000 to develop bioleaching at Pohla, with pilot operations targeted for 2026. Bioleaching, also called biomining, uses micro-organisms to dissolve metals from ore under controlled conditions. As a result, it avoids the high temperatures and sulphur dioxide emissions associated with conventional smelting. The process stabilises sulphate toxins, reduces local air pollution and allows metal recovery from low-grade tailings that would usually be discarded. If successful at industrial scale, bioleaching could prove that sustainable indium mining can both cut emissions and unlock value from legacy waste streams. This aligns closely with EU climate goals and the push to decarbonise upstream metals production.

Turning legacy mine waste into strategic critical metal supply

Pohla previously produced uranium and tin before closing in 1990, leaving behind waste piles and partially mined resources. Now, the Tellerhauser project aims to convert that legacy into a modern source of indium, tin, tungsten and fluorspar. XTRACT will also test technologies for treating old waste piles and abandoned sites, targeting both environmental remediation and recovery of additional valuable metals. In practice, that means turning historical liabilities into assets while reducing the footprint of new mining. For Europe’s electronics, photovoltaic and advanced materials sectors, sustainable indium mining at Pohla could become a blueprint for securing critical supply without repeating the environmental mistakes of past decades.

The Metalnomist Commentary

This project sits at the intersection of critical minerals security and environmental innovation. If bioleaching at Tellerhauser delivers on its promise, it could accelerate wider deployment of biomining across Europe’s legacy sites and reshape how the region views mine waste. For downstream users of indium and associated metals, the outcome will signal how fast Europe can scale cleaner, home-grown critical metal supply.

Burundi Mining Suspension Raises 3T Conflict Minerals Supply Risk

Burundi mining

Burundi mining suspension measures have halted nearly all mining operations in the country, leaving only Sotrevo Mining and Sonalek Mining allowed to continue operating. The move creates new uncertainty for tantalum, tungsten and tin supply from one of Africa’s smaller but strategically important 3T mineral producers.

Burundi mining suspension measures require mining companies and co-operatives to apply for new operating permits before restarting. The government said operating approvals and the state’s share of production will be decided case by case.

Burundi mining suspension rules also introduce the threat of severe sanctions for companies that ignore the new requirements. This signals a stronger state push to control mineral production, permitting and revenue sharing.

The decision matters because Burundi supplies 3T concentrates at a time when buyers are already sensitive to conflict minerals risk, origin documentation and supply disruption across central and eastern Africa.

Permit Reset Raises Supply Risk for 3T Minerals

The suspension affects all mining sites except those operated by Sotrevo Mining and Sonalek Mining. Sotrevo produces tantalum, tungsten and tin, while Sonalek Mining also remains exempt from the suspension.

The ministry’s decision effectively resets the operating framework for much of Burundi’s mining sector. Producers that previously operated under existing arrangements must now seek new approval before they can resume work.

This creates immediate supply-chain uncertainty. Buyers may face delays in shipments, reduced availability and additional documentation requirements while companies wait for permit decisions.

Burundi produced 421t of 3T concentrates in 2024, according to industry supply-chain data referenced in the source material. That volume is not large compared with global mined supply, but it matters for buyers seeking diversified and traceable African material.

Tantalum is critical for capacitors used in electronics, aerospace, defence systems and medical devices. Tungsten supports hard metals, cutting tools, defence applications and industrial machinery. Tin is essential for solder, electronics assembly and coatings.

The suspension therefore affects more than local mining companies. It reaches downstream electronics, tooling, defence and manufacturing supply chains that depend on stable 3T material flows.

Conflict Mineral Markets Face New Compliance Pressure

Burundi has gained importance because conflict and instability in other major 3T-producing countries have increased demand for its material. Buyers looking to diversify regional supply have turned to Burundian concentrates as an alternative source.

The new suspension complicates that trend. Even if the government aims to strengthen oversight, the immediate effect is to reduce clarity for exporters, traders and downstream consumers.

The case-by-case permit process could also reshape the country’s mining structure. Companies with stronger compliance systems, clearer production records and better state relationships may be better positioned to restart.

For responsible sourcing programmes, the policy shift adds another layer of due diligence. Buyers will need to confirm not only mine origin and chain of custody, but also whether suppliers hold valid new operating permits.

The state’s share of production will also be decided individually. This could change project economics and create different cost structures across operators.

Burundi’s decision reflects a wider trend in critical minerals. Resource-holding governments increasingly want more control over production, exports and domestic value capture.

For 3T markets, the timing is sensitive. Supply chains already face scrutiny under conflict minerals rules, while manufacturers need stable feedstock for electronics, aerospace, defence and industrial applications.

If the suspension is resolved quickly, the market impact may stay limited. If permitting delays continue, Burundi’s role as a flexible alternative source of 3T concentrates could weaken.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Burundi’s mining suspension shows how even smaller suppliers can affect strategic mineral confidence. In 3T markets, regulatory clarity and traceability are now as important as mined volume itself.

UK Suspends Aid to Rwanda Over M23 Conflict and Control of Key Congolese Mining Regions

M23

Sanctions Follow Rwanda-Linked Militia Takeover of Tantalum and Tin-Rich 3T Mining Zones in Eastern DRC

UK Imposes Diplomatic Sanctions on Rwanda Over Role in DRC Mineral Conflict

The UK government has paused all direct financial aid to the Rwandan government and is reviewing military cooperation in response to Rwanda’s alleged backing of M23 militants in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The militant group, active since late January, has taken control of several key cities and critical mining areas in eastern DRC.

This move includes suspending defense training, halting export licenses for the Rwanda Defence Force, and working with international partners on broader sanctions. UK officials emphasized that humanitarian aid for Rwanda’s most vulnerable would continue but demanded a full withdrawal of Rwandan troops from Congolese territory.

M23’s Control of Strategic 3T Mines Raises Global Supply Chain Concerns

Since early 2024, M23 rebels have seized control of vital 3T mining zones—producing tantalum, tin, and tungsten—including the major Rubaya mine in North Kivu. The cities of Goma and Bukavu also fell under their control earlier this year, further solidifying the group's grip on export corridors.

According to the International Tin Supply Chain Initiative, the DRC produced over 34,000 tonnes of tantalite and mixed 3T material between 2018 and 2023—making it the top supplier in the African Great Lakes region. Comparatively, Rwanda produced around 24,000 tonnes and Burundi just 2,000 tonnes in the same period. The majority of the DRC’s 3T mining now occurs in M23-controlled areas, heightening international alarm over conflict mineral flows.

International Pressure Builds as EU and US Take Parallel Action

The US Department of the Treasury recently sanctioned Rwandan Minister of State for Regional Integration James Kabarebe, citing his alleged role in coordinating mineral exports from DRC as if sourced from Rwanda. Meanwhile, the European Parliament urged the suspension of the EU’s sustainable raw materials partnership with Rwanda, signed just in February 2024.

Rwanda has denied any support for M23 and called the UK’s actions “punitive and regrettable.” Still, pressure is mounting as Western nations reconsider diplomatic and trade ties tied to Rwanda’s role in the escalating mineral conflict.

Metallium Indium Offtake Deal Strengthens US Critical Metals Recycling Chain

Metallium

Metallium Indium offtake deal plans will strengthen the US recycling route for critical metals used in advanced electronics, semiconductors and thin-film manufacturing. Australian metals recovery firm Metallium has signed a binding 10-year offtake agreement with US-based metals refiner and manufacturer Indium.

The Metallium Indium offtake deal covers several recovered metals, including gallium, germanium, copper, tin, indium and gold. Pricing will be formula-based, while final quantities have not yet been disclosed.

The Metallium Indium offtake deal gives Metallium a long-term commercial outlet for metals recovered from its US recycling operations. It also gives Indium access to secondary supply for materials used in solders, fluxes, thermal interface materials, sputtering targets and semiconductor-related products.

Texas Recycling Facility Targets High-Value Electronic Scrap

Metallium expects to recover metals at its recently commissioned Texas facility using flash joule heating technology. The process rapidly heats scrap mixtures in a controlled chlorine atmosphere to recover metals from synthesized LED manufacturing scrap.

The plant was first commissioned in December, with initial recovery focused on copper, tin, gold and silver from printed circuit board feedstock. Metallium later plans to establish gallium and germanium processing lines, which would move the facility deeper into critical minor metals recovery.

This matters because gallium and germanium are strategically important for semiconductors, optoelectronics, infrared systems, LEDs, solar technologies and defense-related applications. Recycling can help reduce exposure to concentrated primary supply and export-control risks.

Indium Agreement Links Recycling to Advanced Manufacturing Demand

Indium’s role gives the agreement direct industrial relevance. The company supplies materials into advanced electronics, semiconductor and thin-film markets, where high-purity and reliable metal supply are essential.

The companies are also discussing feedstock supply separately, which could deepen the partnership beyond offtake. If feedstock and product flows are aligned, the arrangement could support a more integrated recycling-to-refining model.

Metallium’s recent A$75mn capital raise from US institutional investors and earlier US Defense Logistics Agency support add strategic weight to the Texas facility. The funding shows that US critical minerals recycling is becoming a defense, technology and industrial policy priority.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The Metallium-Indium agreement shows that critical mineral security is moving into electronic scrap and advanced recycling. The key opportunity is not only recovering copper and precious metals, but building domestic capacity for gallium, germanium and indium supply chains.

DRC Rejects M23 Rebel Ceasefire as Hoax Amid Escalating Conflict

DRC

UN Warns of Regional War as M23 Rebels Continue Advance in Eastern DRC

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has dismissed the recent ceasefire declaration by the M23 rebel group as a "hoax," citing the continued military actions in the region. This comes after M23 rebels seized another town in eastern DRC, intensifying the ongoing conflict and raising concerns ahead of upcoming mediation talks.

M23 Advances Despite Ceasefire Claim

The M23 rebel group, which the DRC accuses of being backed by Rwanda, has taken control of Nyabibwe, a town on the eastern shore of Lake Kivu. Nyabibwe lies south of Goma, which the M23 captured in late January. Following this, the rebels declared a unilateral ceasefire, supposedly to facilitate peace talks scheduled to take place in Tanzania on February 8, 2025. However, the DRC government believes that the ceasefire is merely a tactic to deceive the international community.

DRC Foreign Minister Therese Kayikwamba Wagner condemned the ceasefire, claiming it was meant to "hoodwink" the world. Wagner pointed out that, instead of withdrawing their forces, the M23 has continued its actions, further complicating the situation. She also threatened the use of force to reclaim Goma if the rebels fail to vacate the area.

Economic and Regional Implications of the Conflict

The UN has highlighted that the ongoing conflict in eastern DRC is largely driven by the control of the country’s vast natural resources. Goma, a major mineral trading hub, particularly for tantalum, tin, and tungsten, plays a crucial role in this struggle. In 2023, DRC’s tantalum concentrate production, also known as tantalite or coltan, reached 6,095 tonnes, according to the International Tin Supply Chain Initiative.

The UN also reported that Rubaya, a key coltan mining town controlled by M23 rebels, generates around $800,000 per month in taxes from its mineral production and trade. This economic significance adds to the stakes of the conflict, as control of such resources is vital for the parties involved.

Growing Regional Tensions and International Concerns

While M23 spokesperson Lawrence Kanyuka claimed that the group does not plan to expand its territorial control for the time being, the situation remains volatile. The upcoming peace talks, involving Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi and Rwandan President Paul Kagame, are seen as a critical opportunity to address the crisis.

However, the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has expressed concerns about the escalating violence, warning that the M23 offensive could lead to a broader regional war. The conflict's impact could extend to the mining regions and potentially affect oil developments in neighboring Rwanda and Uganda. In response to the growing tensions, Uganda has deployed 2,000 soldiers into DRC, adding to the 4,000 troops already stationed in northeast DRC to combat the Islamist group Allied Democratic Forces.

ITSCI Halts Tagging in Key DRC Mining Zones Amid Escalating Conflict

DRC

Security Crisis Forces Temporary Suspension of Mineral Traceability Operations in North and South Kivu

The International Tin Supply Chain Initiative (ITSCI) has suspended its due diligence and traceability operations in parts of North Kivu and South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), citing serious security concerns. This decision follows the rapid territorial advance of the M23 rebel group, which seized control of North Kivu’s capital, Goma, on January 27.

Mineral Supply Chain Disrupted as Conflict Escalates

Amid the worsening conflict, both artisanal miners and state agencies have fled several mining sites across the affected provinces. ITSCI confirmed that it has suspended tagging activities in the Numbi sector of South Kivu, after M23 extended its control to the trading towns of Lumbishi and Numbi in Kalehe territory and began moving toward Nyabibwe. Despite these developments, ITSCI continues operations in other parts of Kalehe and South Kivu, maintaining a strong monitoring presence.

Operations Remain Active in Stable Regions

Although some operations have paused, ITSCI field teams remain active in Goma to assess and respond to the evolving situation. In Walikale territory, which has remained stable so far, the program’s traceability and due diligence activities are operating normally. ITSCI plays a critical role in verifying the supply chain for tin, tungsten, and tantalum—known as the 3Ts—across the Great Lakes region, ensuring compliance with responsible sourcing standards.

This disruption poses significant implications for the global 3T minerals market, as the DRC is a major source of these critical raw materials used in electronics and manufacturing. Stakeholders will closely watch developments in the region, as continued instability could impact global supply chains.

Nickel Trading Surge Drives LME Volume Growth in 2024

LME Nickel

Average daily volumes (ADV) for futures and options traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME)—including aluminum, copper, nickel, zinc, lead, and tin—rose by nearly a fifth in 2024, reaching the fourth-highest level on record, the exchange reported.  The LME recorded ADV of 664,698 lots, up 18.2% compared to 2023. This surge was primarily fueled by a dramatic increase in nickel derivatives trading, which jumped by 58.8% to 65,094 lots, approaching 2021 levels.  Trading volumes had been suppressed in 2022 and 2023 following a short squeeze in Q1 2022 that led to a brief trading suspension and a disconnect between prices and physical fundamentals. The 2024 surge signals a substantial return of both speculative trading and hedging activity.

Increased Nickel Availability and Shift in Stock Origins

The annual volume for nickel also benefited from improved availability in 2024, following the registration of four new brands, originating from China and Indonesia. This led to a sharp increase in stocks held in LME warehouses. On-warrant LME nickel stocks closed the year at 148,674 tonnes, more than doubling from 57,780 tonnes at the end of 2023.  Furthermore, 2024 saw a shift in the origin of nickel stocks in LME warehouses.  Chinese-origin nickel stocks now represent the majority of warrants, replacing Russian and/or Australian stocks. As of November, Chinese-origin nickel comprised 42% of all LME nickel stocks, up from 11% at the end of 2023.

Other Metals See Increased Trading Volumes

Trading in other metals contracts also saw growth in 2024. Tin contracts ADV rose by 25.9% to 6,284 lots, while zinc ADV increased by 16.9% to 104,318 lots. Copper and aluminum ADV saw increases of 10% and 15.8%, reaching 152,291 lots and 262,390 lots, respectively. Lead contract ADV also rose by 18.2% to 68,565 lots, the LME stated.

Peru Mining Exports Rise in First Quarter 2025

Peru Mining

Strong Growth in Gold, Copper, and Other Metals

Peru’s mining exports increased significantly in the first quarter of 2025, reflecting strong global demand for metals. According to the energy and mines ministry (Minem), gold exports surged 52.4pc, while tin rose 46.5pc, zinc gained 33.8pc, silver expanded 31.2pc, and copper climbed 21.8pc. These metals remain essential for construction, electronics, and renewable energy technologies, supporting their robust global demand.

The value of exported mining products reached $13.7bn during the period, up 27.3pc from last year. Metallic mineral exports represented $13.5bn of the total, a 28.2pc year-on-year increase. Mining exports now account for 66pc of Peru’s overall export value, underscoring the sector’s dominance in the national economy.

Copper Production and Investment Outlook

Copper production in Peru is projected to reach 2.8mn t in 2025, up from 2.7mn t last year. The country’s copper exports primarily go to Italy, China, the US, and Brazil, highlighting its central role in global supply chains. Mining investment surpassed $1.4bn between January and April 2025, representing a 7.3pc increase, with a planned $4.8bn in investment for the full year.

Peru remains the world’s second-largest producer of zinc and molybdenum, the third-largest producer of copper and silver, and the fourth in tin and lead, according to Minem. These rankings confirm the country’s critical role in global mining markets and its growing importance as a reliable supplier for energy transition industries.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Peru’s robust mining export growth reinforces its role as a cornerstone of global metals supply chains. The combination of higher production and increased foreign demand positions Peru strongly, but reliance on global commodity cycles remains a key risk for sustained growth.

Andrada Boosts Tantalum Production, Expands Lithium Operations

Andrada

Namibia-based Andrada Mining has made significant strides in its tantalum and lithium production efforts. On 26 September, the company reported an increase in tantalum output and the commencement of petalite concentrate sales, which are part of its broader strategy to expand lithium production. At the Uis mine in west-central Namibia, Andrada has installed a tantalum circuit and ramped up production, shipping 15 tons of tantalum concentrate with a grade of 10.8% tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) to AfriMet, a commodity trading firm. This is an improvement from the 9 tons produced in the previous quarter, under a one-year offtake agreement set to expire on 1 January 2025.

Expanding Lithium Opportunities

Alongside tantalum production, Andrada has been advancing its lithium operations by producing high-purity petalite concentrate as part of an off-site pilot program. This concentrate will undergo further testing to explore its potential for conversion into lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide. Andrada has already made a one-off sale of 5 tons of petalite concentrate, grading over 4% Li₂O, to a ceramic producer.

In a major strategic move, Andrada has partnered with Chilean lithium giant SQM to develop the Lithium Ridge asset in Namibia. The partnership allows SQM to fund exploration and a feasibility study for the project, while Andrada retains operational control during this period.

Andrada also reported stable tin production during the three months ending in August, producing 239 tons of tin.

China Critical Metals Group Signals Stronger State Control Over Strategic Supply

China Rare Earths

The China critical metals group marks a new phase in Beijing’s control over strategic materials. Guangxi has established the country’s first province-level state-run critical metals group. The new entity will focus on tin, antimony, and indium in the Nandan pilot zone. As a result, the China critical metals group strengthens state influence over strategic metals supply.

This move matters because critical metals now sit at the center of industrial policy and geopolitics. China already dominates several specialty metal supply chains. It has also used export controls to strengthen its position in global trade disputes. Therefore, the state-run critical metals group is both an industrial and strategic development.

Guangxi Critical Metals Platform Expands Beyond Resource Ownership

The Guangxi critical metals platform is designed to build a full industrial ecosystem. The new company plans to expand through investment, acquisitions, joint ventures, and broader cooperation. That approach suggests it will act as a consolidator, not just an asset holder. Consequently, the China critical metals group could reshape regional industry structure quickly.

The company already gained meaningful market influence through equity control. It became an indirect controlling shareholder of China Tin Nonferrous after a recent transaction. The new group now holds a 56.47pc stake. Therefore, the state-run critical metals group begins with real operating leverage rather than only policy ambition.

State-Run Critical Metals Group Reflects a Broader Strategic Trend

The state-run critical metals group reflects a broader global race for supply security. Western countries are trying to reduce reliance on Chinese critical minerals. Meanwhile, China is tightening coordination around strategic materials inside its own system. As a result, the China critical metals group looks like a direct response to rising international pressure.

This strategy also shows how China is moving from export control toward deeper domestic integration. Controlling mines alone is no longer enough in critical minerals. Governments now want stronger influence over processing, ownership, and industrial coordination. Therefore, Guangxi’s new platform may become a model for similar groups in other provinces.

The market significance is larger than the initial investment figure alone. A province-level state vehicle can move faster on consolidation and policy execution than fragmented private operators. That could strengthen China’s pricing power and supply discipline in several niche metals. Consequently, the China critical metals group may carry influence well beyond Guangxi.

The Metalnomist Commentary

This is not just a provincial restructuring story. It is a sign that China wants tighter institutional control over metals that matter in trade, technology, and national security. If this model expands, global buyers may face a more coordinated Chinese critical minerals system.

South Kivu Governor Suspends All Mining Operations

The governor of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) South Kivu province, Jean-Jacques Purusi Sadiki, has halted all mining activities in the region, significantly impacting the production of tantalite, tin, and gold. This directive, issued on July 18 and shared via social media platform X, demands all mining companies, businesses, and cooperatives cease operations and vacate mining sites within 72 hours.

Governor Sadiki emphasized that the suspension aims to restore order, ensure the traceability of minerals, and protect human lives. A meeting with mining stakeholders is scheduled for July 30 to discuss the state of mining operations in the province.

South Kivu is a crucial producer of tantalite, essential for the electronics and aerospace sectors, as well as gold and cassiterite (tin ore). These minerals are classified as conflict minerals, often linked to funding armed conflicts in the DRC.

Multiple tantalite mining operations in South Kivu have ceased production following the governor's order, as confirmed by Metalnomist. Market participants are closely monitoring the situation. "The announcement was really bad… but these situations seem to work themselves out," noted one market participant.

The halt in mining operations is expected to exacerbate the already strained tantalite supply chain, worsened by ongoing conflicts in neighboring North Kivu province. In April, the M23 militia group seized Rubaya, a key mining town, disrupting essential transport routes. "Production in Congo is falling like a stone," remarked another market participant to Metalnomist.

Despite the supply constraints, tantalite prices have been declining. As of July 23, Metalnomist assessed prices at $74-78/lb cif main port, down 5% from earlier this month. This decrease is attributed to weaker demand from Chinese smelters and the electronics sector, as well as sourcing concerns from the DRC and Rwanda.

ITSCI Calls on RMI to Clarify Recognition Process

The International Tin Supply Chain Initiative (ITSCI) has stated that the Responsible Minerals Initiative (RMI) must clarify its recognition process, following RMI's recent announcement to pause the process for at least one year. ITSCI assists companies with due diligence and raw material traceability for 3T conflict minerals —tungsten, tin, and tantalum— in central Africa, including the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda. RMI works with downstream smelters to ensure materials are sourced from conflict-free areas via its Responsible Minerals Assurance Programme.

The two organizations have been in dispute over RMI's recognition of ITSCI as an approved upstream due diligence system for RMAP assessments since 2022. On July 5, RMI paused the recognition process, citing ITSCI's failure to meet terms and address questions regarding its response to escalating conflict in the DRC.

ITSCI responded, stating, "RMI's focus on ITSCI not meeting ‘terms' ignores the primary need for RMI's own recognition process to be clarified and updated, a need that RMI now acknowledges." ITSCI further noted that RMI's latest statement introduced new recognition factors, undermining previous efforts to understand RMI's requirements.

ITSCI reiterated its alignment with OECD requirements for upstream due diligence programs, emphasizing that the OECD does not mandate field visits to every location. RMI had previously insisted on such visits as part of its recognition process.

Regarding the DRC conflict, ITSCI acknowledged increased risks but emphasized its active monitoring, suspension of operations when necessary, and collaboration with independent local organizations to verify field information. ITSCI maintained that, irrespective of RMI recognition, its gathered information remains valuable for downstream companies' due diligence efforts.