RTX Engine Deliveries Rise as Airbus Ramp-Up Drives New-Build Focus

RTX

RTX engine deliveries are set to rise in 2026 as the company shifts more output toward new aircraft builds. RTX expects large commercial engine shipments to increase by a mid-to-high single-digit rate from 2025 levels. That follows deliveries of 1,055 large commercial engines last year. As a result, RTX engine deliveries are becoming a more direct measure of Airbus ramp-up progress.

This shift matters because Pratt & Whitney supports key Airbus programs. Its engines mainly serve the A320neo and A220 families. RTX said the split between new-build installs and aftermarket shipments will favor new aircraft in 2026. Therefore, RTX engine deliveries will increasingly track airframe production rather than spare engine demand.

The company is making this move while aftermarket demand remains strong. Airlines still fly older fleets longer because new aircraft deliveries remain delayed. However, RTX now wants more of its engine output directed toward Airbus assembly lines. Consequently, the market will watch whether RTX engine deliveries can support higher narrowbody build rates without weakening service support.

Pratt & Whitney Supply Chain Expansion Is Becoming the Key Enabler

Pratt & Whitney supply chain capacity is now central to this delivery plan. RTX said it is expanding forgings and castings capacity to ease production bottlenecks. Those investments are designed to support Airbus as it pushes toward much higher monthly output targets. As a result, internal supply chain execution is becoming as important as final engine assembly.

The company has already committed major capital to this effort. RTX announced a $206mn expansion in Columbus, Georgia, covering engine MRO, nickel and titanium forgings, and compressor blade production. It also announced a $285mn investment in Asheville, North Carolina, to expand turbine blade castings. Therefore, RTX is reinforcing the upstream parts base that supports future engine growth.

These additions will not deliver full benefits immediately. RTX said the Asheville casting project remains in the build-up phase. Management also highlighted work on yields to ensure efficient production when output rises further. Meanwhile, a new powder metal tower and forging press are expected within the next 24 months. That means the supply chain still has execution risk even as capacity grows.

Airbus Ramp-Up Will Test Engine Flow and Material Discipline

Airbus ramp-up will put real pressure on engine delivery discipline. The aircraft maker wants to raise A320neo production to 75 aircraft per month by 2027. It also wants to lift A220 production to 12 aircraft per month this year. Therefore, RTX engine deliveries must improve not only in volume, but also in timing and consistency.

That challenge is already visible in recent numbers. Fourth-quarter large commercial engine shipments rose 12pc year on year to 312 units. RTX benefited from Airbus’ year-end push to meet its revised outlook. However, the market still sees engine shortages as one of the main constraints on narrowbody production. Consequently, 2026 will be a test of whether RTX can move from recovery to reliable support.

RTX’s broader results show it has momentum. Defense engine deliveries rose strongly in 2025, while Pratt & Whitney Canada also posted modest growth. Profit and revenue both increased over the year. Even so, the most strategic question remains clear. Can RTX engine deliveries rise fast enough to support Airbus without creating new strain elsewhere in the system?

The Metalnomist Commentary

RTX is no longer just solving a delivery backlog. It is rebuilding the industrial base behind future engine flow. If forgings, castings, and yield improvements hold, RTX could become one of the key enablers of the next aerospace production upcycle.

RTX engine deliveries surge on strong commercial and military demand

RTX engine

RTX engine deliveries climbed in the third quarter as global demand for civil and military powerplants strengthened. RTX engine deliveries of large commercial engines (LCEs) rose 17pc quarter on quarter and 5pc year on year. Meanwhile, military engine shipments jumped even faster, with an 85pc annual increase underscoring robust defence demand. Together, these trends allowed RTX to upgrade its 2025 revenue outlook despite lingering tariff headwinds.

RTX engine deliveries support upgraded revenue outlook

RTX engine deliveries are now central to the group’s higher full-year revenue guidance. The company expects 2025 adjusted revenue of $86.5bn-87bn, up from $83bn-84bn previously. As a result, strong LCE and military engine demand is offsetting external pressures such as tariffs and supply chain strains.

Tariff impacts have eased significantly after the US-UK trade deal and RTX’s efforts under the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement. Profit reductions tied to tariffs now total around $90mn, far below the $500mn hit initially modelled. Therefore, higher RTX engine deliveries are flowing more directly to the bottom line, supporting quarterly profit growth to $2.5bn.

Pratt & Whitney GTF Advantage underpins future growth

Pratt & Whitney’s GTF Advantage engine adds a forward growth pillar to RTX engine deliveries. The GTF Advantage recently secured European Union Aviation Safety Agency type certification, following earlier US approval. The engine is expected to enter service in 2026 as the production standard on Airbus A320neo aircraft.

Component upgrades, including redesigned high-pressure turbine airfoils, improve durability and extend time on wing. This enhances lifecycle economics for airlines, strengthening Pratt & Whitney’s position in the narrowbody engine duopoly with CFM’s Leap-1A. In addition, RTX’s $251bn backlog, spanning commercial and defence customers, provides long-dated visibility for future RTX engine deliveries.

However, RTX still flags supply chain vulnerabilities that could affect production cadence and delivery timing. Key aerospace sub-tier suppliers remain under pressure from labour, materials and logistics constraints. As a result, execution on ramp-up plans will depend on stabilising these bottlenecks, even as demand remains strong.

The Metalnomist Commentary

RTX engine deliveries illustrate how aero engine makers are benefiting from both airline recovery and renewed defence spending. The combination of rising shipment volumes, reduced tariff drag and the coming GTF Advantage deployment should support multi-year revenue growth. Yet persistent supply chain fragility means OEMs and metals suppliers alike must plan for intermittent disruptions even in a demand-rich environment.

RTX First-Quarter Sales Rise Despite GTF Engine Delivery Pressure

RTX

RTX first-quarter sales increased year on year despite lower commercial engine deliveries at Pratt & Whitney, showing the strength of aerospace aftermarket and defence demand. The US aerospace group reported sales of $22.1bn in January-March, up 9% from a year earlier.

RTX first-quarter sales were supported by stable commercial original equipment demand, strong aftermarket activity and higher defence demand. The company’s three major businesses — Collins Aerospace, Pratt & Whitney and Raytheon — all sit inside supply chains tied to aircraft production, engine maintenance and military systems.

RTX first-quarter sales also benefited from a record backlog of $271bn. This included $162bn in commercial contracts and $109bn in defence contracts, with Raytheon supported by higher bookings for Patriot guidance-enhanced missiles.

The result highlights a split inside the aerospace market. Aircraft and defence demand remain strong, but engine delivery constraints continue to slow the pace at which some commercial aircraft programmes can convert orderbooks into production.

Pratt & Whitney Engine Deliveries Remain a Key Airbus Constraint

Pratt & Whitney reported a 1% decline in commercial original equipment sales because of lower engine deliveries. The company produces the PW1100G geared turbofan engine for Airbus’ A320neo family, one of the world’s most important narrowbody aircraft programmes.

The shortfall matters because Airbus depends on engine supply to meet its build-rate targets. Pratt & Whitney has struggled to deliver enough engines, and Airbus has already had to adjust its production trajectory because of engine availability.

RTX said the challenge reflects the need to balance new aircraft demand with the health of the existing GTF fleet. The current engine variant has faced durability issues, creating pressure on both newbuild supply and aftermarket support.

The GTF fleet management plan remains central to Pratt & Whitney’s operating outlook. In 2023, RTX identified a rare condition in powder metal used to manufacture high-pressure turbine disks and high-pressure compressor disks. The issue requires accelerated inspections across the PW1100G-JM fleet.

This creates a complex supply-chain problem. Pratt & Whitney must supply engines for new aircraft while also managing inspections, repairs and parts availability for the installed fleet.

The result is an engine bottleneck that affects more than RTX. Airbus, airlines, leasing companies, MRO providers, forging suppliers, powder metal producers and high-temperature alloy producers all feel the impact.

Aftermarket Strength and MRO Investment Support Longer-Term Recovery

Aftermarket demand helped offset lower engine deliveries. RTX’s first-quarter performance shows that commercial aerospace earnings are increasingly supported by maintenance, repair and overhaul activity as global fleets remain active and engine shop visits rise.

Pratt & Whitney’s MRO output for the PW1100 increased by 23% from a year earlier. First-quarter shop visits were in line with the expected full-year run rate of about 800.

This aftermarket strength is strategically important. Engine problems can reduce new OE sales, but they also create higher demand for inspections, replacement parts, shop visits and repair capacity.

RTX is investing to expand that capacity. The company has made MRO investments in Singapore, plans to add a forging press at its Columbus, Georgia facility, and will install a new powder production tower at its HMI facility in New York.

These investments point directly to the materials side of aerospace. GTF recovery depends on reliable powder metallurgy, high-performance alloys, forged components, precision machining and certified repair capacity.

Defence demand adds another layer of support. Wars in the Middle East and Ukraine increased demand for defence systems, while Raytheon’s Patriot missile backlog strengthened RTX’s defence orderbook.

The industrial message is clear. RTX is benefiting from strong aerospace and defence markets, but the GTF engine issue shows that one material or component bottleneck can still constrain aircraft production.

The Metalnomist Commentary

RTX’s results show that aerospace demand remains strong, but production growth is still limited by engine and materials bottlenecks. Powder metallurgy, forging capacity and MRO infrastructure are now strategic parts of the aircraft supply chain, not just supporting processes.

RTX Engine Deliveries Slip in 2Q After Strike

RTX Engine

RTX engine deliveries slip in the second quarter as a monthlong strike disrupted Pratt & Whitney operations in Connecticut. Large commercial engine shipments fell 3.8pc to 227 units. However, RTX raised full-year revenue guidance as tariff headwinds eased, underscoring resilience even while RTX engine deliveries slip.

Strike impact and production mix

The strike by IAMAW workers hit East Hartford and Middletown facilities. As a result, Pratt & Whitney’s A320neo GTF programs faced near-term constraints. Meanwhile, military engine deliveries rose 8.1pc to 40 units. Pratt & Whitney Canada shipments increased 9.9pc to 521 units, partly offsetting where RTX engine deliveries slip in large commercial.

Supply chain, tariffs, and MRO recovery

RTX lifted adjusted 2025 revenue guidance to $84.75bn–$85.5bn. Therefore, improved US-UK tariff carve-outs cut expected 2025 tariff costs to $500mn from $850mn. Maintenance, repair and overhaul output rose 22pc as isothermal forging output increased 12pc. Still, RTX must balance forgings and castings between spares and new builds while RTX engine deliveries slip modestly.

Quarterly profit reached nearly $1.7bn, up from $111mn last year. Moreover, Collins Aerospace reduced overdue line items by 25pc. That improvement supports Boeing’s 787 program, where Collins supplies heat exchangers. However, allocation decisions remain critical as Airbus ramps A320neo output and demand for GTF spares persists.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Short-term labor disruption explains the dip, but MRO momentum and tariff relief stabilize outlook. Watch forging and casting allocations; bottlenecks here will set the pace for A320neo and defense program recoveries through 2025.

RTX Forging Press Investment Strengthens US Aerospace Engine Supply Chain

RTX

RTX forging press investment in Columbus, Georgia, will expand US capacity for critical nickel- and titanium-based rotating aircraft components. The $200mn Pratt & Whitney project adds a seventh isothermal forging press and targets a 30pc increase in compressor and turbine disk output.

The RTX forging press expansion comes at a strategically important moment for aerospace manufacturing. Commercial airframers continue to face engine shortages and parts constraints, while defense programs require reliable domestic capacity for high-performance components. Forged rotating parts sit at the center of that pressure because they must withstand extreme heat, stress, and fatigue.

The new press is expected to become operational in 2028. RTX did not disclose current production levels, but the planned 30pc output increase shows that Pratt & Whitney is investing directly in one of the most constrained areas of the aerospace value chain.

Isothermal Forging Capacity Targets Engine Bottlenecks

Isothermal forging is critical for producing high-performance nickel and titanium components used in jet engines. Compressor and turbine disks require precise microstructure control, strength, and thermal stability. These are not ordinary metal parts, and qualifying new capacity takes time.

The Columbus Forge facility already supports several major engine programs, including the PW1100G geared turbofan engine for Airbus’ A320neo family. It also supports the F135 engine used in Lockheed Martin’s F-35 Lightning II fighter jet. That makes the site important for both commercial aerospace and defense readiness.

The investment also responds to a wider industry problem. Airbus build rates have been affected by engine availability, while Pratt & Whitney has been managing a powdered metal issue that grounded hundreds of narrowbody aircraft for inspection and rework. More forging capacity will not solve every engine constraint, but it strengthens a key upstream production step.

Titanium and Nickel Supply Chains Gain Strategic Importance

Nickel- and titanium-based rotating components are among the most demanding products in the aerospace materials chain. They require qualified feedstock, controlled melting, advanced forging, heat treatment, machining, inspection, and strict traceability. Any weakness in one step can delay engine deliveries.

RTX’s investment therefore has implications beyond one facility. It signals that aerospace manufacturers are rebuilding capacity in deeper parts of the supply chain, not only final assembly and MRO. This matters because engine shortages often originate from specialized materials, forgings, castings, coatings, and certified component bottlenecks.

Pratt & Whitney also recently completed a separate $70mn expansion at the Columbus Engine Center. That project added 81,000ft² of MRO capacity and increased annual service capacity by more than 25pc. Together, the forging and MRO investments show a broader strategy: increase new-part output while improving support for engines already in service.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The RTX forging press investment shows that aerospace resilience depends on metallurgical capacity as much as final aircraft demand. Nickel and titanium forging assets are becoming strategic infrastructure for both commercial engine recovery and defense supply security.

RTX Faces Tariff Headwinds Despite Growth in Engine Deliveries

RTX

Commercial and military engine shipments rise, but RTX warns of $850mn tariff impact

RTX, the US aerospace conglomerate, expects up to $850 million in profit impact from tariffs in 2025, even as its commercial engine deliveries increased. In the first quarter, RTX — which includes Pratt & Whitney, Collins Aerospace, and Raytheon — saw strong demand for aircraft engines and aftermarket services.

Strong engine output and MRO demand offset by trade pressures

RTX reported a 7.8% increase in large commercial engine (LCE) shipments to 250 units in Q1, alongside a 35% surge in maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) output. Meanwhile, military engine deliveries rose 19%, and aftermarket sales jumped 28%, driven by older fleets operating longer amid aircraft delivery delays.

However, the company warned that ongoing US-China tariff tensions may significantly pressure earnings. The projected $850mn hit assumes current tariffs remain and includes mitigations such as duty drawbacks, free trade zones, and temporary imports under bond. RTX said it may pass some costs to customers or shift production.

RTX maintains cautious optimism amid supply chain and cost challenges

Despite a 10% drop in quarterly profit to $1.5 billion, RTX remains cautiously optimistic due to sustained aircraft utilization and large backlogs from airframers. The company has addressed supply constraints, including heat exchanger production for Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner. CEO Christopher Calio emphasized flexibility, stating RTX will "execute on the playbook" if market conditions shift.

The Metalnomist Commentary

RTX’s growth in engine output and MRO services shows resilience, but looming trade tensions pose serious margin risks. Strategic flexibility in production and sourcing will be key as global aerospace players navigate the turbulent tariff landscape.

RTX's Engine Deliveries Increase in 2024

Pratt & Whitney

RTX, through Pratt & Whitney, increased commercial aircraft engine deliveries in 2024. This growth was supported by a strong fourth-quarter performance.

Commercial Engine Deliveries Rise, Military Declines

RTX delivered 996 large commercial engines in 2024, a 14pc year-on-year increase. Q4 shipments rose 8pc sequentially to 276 units, the year's highest quarterly output. Conversely, military engine deliveries fell 13pc to 180 units. Pratt & Whitney Canada's engine deliveries increased slightly to 2,078 units. Q4 shipments were up 5.4pc to 587 engines.

Financial Growth and Future Outlook

Pratt & Whitney's Q4 revenue grew 18pc to $7.6bn. Commercial original equipment sales climbed 31pc, aftermarket rose 17pc, and military increased 8pc. RTX anticipates similar commercial engine delivery growth in 2025. The company will support aftermarket demand and meet Airbus ramp requirements. Geared turbofan engine throughput at MRO sites rose 30pc in 2024. RTX plans further throughput increases, contingent on supply chain improvements. RTX's 2024 profit rose 6pc to $7.7bn, with revenues up 17pc to $80.7bn. Q4 profit climbed 18pc to $2.1bn, and revenues rose 9pc to $21.6bn.

RTX’s OE Deliveries Drop Amid Ongoing Aerospace Supply Chain Challenges

RTX

RTX, the US aerospace conglomerate, reported a decline in its third-quarter commercial original equipment (OE) deliveries through its subsidiaries Pratt & Whitney and Collins Aerospace, primarily due to ongoing supply chain disruptions faced by major aircraft manufacturers Airbus and Boeing. However, the company’s financial results were buoyed by strong demand from the aftermarket and military sectors.

Pratt & Whitney, a key subsidiary of RTX, delivered 252 large commercial engines in Q3 2024, a decrease from 261 engines during the same period last year but an increase from 236 engines in the previous quarter. Military engine deliveries, however, experienced a notable decline, dropping to 34 units compared to 55 in Q3 2023 and 37 in Q2 2024. In contrast, Pratt & Whitney Canada saw an increase in engine shipments, delivering 521 units, up from 500 a year earlier and 474 in the second quarter of 2024.

Financial Performance Strengthened by Aftermarket and Military Demand

Despite the dip in OE deliveries, Pratt & Whitney’s adjusted sales for July-September 2024 rose by 14%, reaching $7.2 billion, compared to $6.3 billion in Q3 2023. Commercial aftermarket sales rose by 13%, military sales increased by 20%, and commercial OE grew by 9%. These gains helped offset the prior-year $5.4 billion charge related to an engine withdrawal caused by the use of contaminated powdered metal.

RTX’s geared turbofan fleet management plan, including maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) for PW1100G engines, has been performing well, with throughput rising by 10% from Q2 to Q3 2024, and 27% year-over-year. RTX President Christopher Calio highlighted the company's efforts to address the ongoing challenges of balancing the demand for spare parts and new engine production, particularly for Airbus as it ramps up its production.

Supply Chain and Production Adjustments

Collins Aerospace, another RTX subsidiary, reported $7 billion in sales, a modest increase from $6.6 billion in the prior year. This was largely driven by strong defense and commercial aftermarket demand. However, commercial OE volumes fell by 8% due to lower sales of narrowbody aircraft engines for Airbus A320 and Boeing 737.

RTX has continued to manage its supply chain issues by receiving material and building end products for high-volume programs to meet Boeing’s post-strike requirements. The company also made cost-curtailment adjustments on certain parts of its Boeing product portfolio in response to ongoing pressures.

Challenges with Widebody Aircraft

The company faced mixed performance on widebody aircraft sales. Collins Aerospace saw a 1% increase in sales, primarily driven by Boeing’s 787 program. However, sales related to Airbus A350 deliveries were lower, and the 787 program is not currently profitable for RTX on the OE front. These challenges were further exacerbated by the shift in heat exchanger supply from Russia to the US and UK, a move that has added complexities to the company’s cost structure.

Outlook

While RTX faces significant challenges in its OE delivery and supply chain management, the company's strong performance in the aftermarket, military sectors, and maintenance operations has helped mitigate some of these pressures. The outlook remains cautious, as the aerospace sector grapples with ongoing production issues, particularly with Airbus and Boeing.

GTF Advantage Engine Certification signals new era for Pratt & Whitney

Pratt & Whitney

GTF Advantage engine certification in Europe marks a critical milestone for Pratt & Whitney and A320neo operators worldwide. The GTF Advantage engine certification from EASA, following earlier FAA approval, clears the way for entry into service from 2026. As a result, Pratt & Whitney strengthens its position in the narrow-body market against rival CFM’s Leap-1A engine.

Durability and efficiency at the heart of GTF Advantage engine certification

The upgraded design targets longer time on wing and lower lifecycle cost for airlines. Pratt & Whitney expects the GTF Advantage to double time on wing before major maintenance. As a result, operators gain fewer shop visits, lower unit costs and improved fleet availability. Meanwhile, the GTF Advantage engine certification reinforces confidence among lessors and financiers watching ongoing engine reliability debates.

Component enhancements focus on hotter sections where durability matters most. A redesigned airfoil in the high-pressure turbine helps reduce operating temperatures and manage thermal stress. Therefore, the engine can maintain performance over longer intervals with less degradation. Airlines flying dense A320neo schedules should benefit from higher dispatch reliability and more predictable MRO planning.

GTF Advantage engine certification reshapes narrow-body competition

The GTF Advantage will become Pratt & Whitney’s production standard for the Airbus A320neo family. This positions the engine as a direct, modernised challenger to CFM’s Leap-1A on the same platform. However, airlines will continue to weigh fuel burn, maintenance performance and OEM support before committing future fleet choices.

Narrow-body demand remains robust, with strong order backlogs and long delivery queues. As a result, even incremental gains from GTF Advantage engine certification can influence total cost of ownership over decades. For supply chains, higher time on wing may shift MRO demand timing, but it also locks in long-term parts and service revenue for RTX’s aftermarket network.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The GTF Advantage engine certification underscores how incremental turbine and materials engineering now drive competitive advantage in commercial aviation. If Pratt & Whitney delivers the promised durability in real-world service, the balance of power on the A320neo could tilt back toward the GTF. For metal and component suppliers, extended on-wing life will favour higher-value, longer-lasting alloys over pure volume growth.

Pratt & Whitney Capacity Expansion Targets Forgings and GTF MRO Bottlenecks

Pratt & Whitney

Pratt & Whitney capacity expansion plans will add production and aftermarket capability across commercial and defence engine programmes. The RTX subsidiary will invest $200mn to increase engine component output and strengthen maintenance, repair and overhaul capacity.

Pratt & Whitney capacity expansion is strategically important because the company remains under pressure to improve geared turbofan engine deliveries for Airbus narrowbody aircraft. It must also support defence engine demand tied to F-15, F-16 and F-35 fighter programmes.

The investment will be split between manufacturing and GTF engine MRO. Half will support a new facility in Rzeszow, Poland, while the remaining $100mn will expand three US aftermarket sites.

The plan shows how aerospace supply chains are moving deeper into materials and repair bottlenecks. Engine production now depends on qualified forgings, titanium and nickel disks, powder metallurgy control, spare parts availability and faster shop-visit turnaround.

Rzeszow and Columbus Expand Forging Disk Output

Pratt & Whitney will invest $100mn in a new facility at its Rzeszow site in Poland. The facility will include equipment to heat treat, machine and test isothermal forgings.

The Polish operations support components for GTF engines used on Airbus narrowbody aircraft. They also support F100 and F135 engines used in F-15, F-16 and F-35 fighter programmes.

The Rzeszow expansion will support Pratt & Whitney’s plan to add a seventh isothermal forging press at its Columbus, Georgia manufacturing campus. Both projects are expected to be operational by 2028.

The combined investments are expected to increase output of nickel- and titanium-based compressor and turbine disks by 30%. These disks are critical rotating components in high-performance jet engines.

This matters for metals supply chains. Titanium compressor disks and nickel turbine disks require strict chemistry control, high-quality melting, forging, heat treatment and inspection.

Isothermal forging is especially important because it supports complex, high-strength components used under demanding temperature and stress conditions. Capacity expansion in this area directly affects engine production reliability.

Pratt & Whitney capacity expansion therefore targets one of the most sensitive parts of the aerospace supply chain. More disk capacity can help reduce constraints in both new engine output and spare parts availability.

GTF Aftermarket Investment Targets Turnaround Times

Pratt & Whitney will also invest $100mn across three US MRO sites to expand aftermarket capacity for the GTF engine. The sites are located in Irving, Texas, West Palm Beach, Florida, and Springdale, Arkansas.

Most of the MRO funding will go to Irving. The investment will add new equipment, increase on-site inventory and expand facility footprints.

The goal is to improve throughput and reduce repair turnaround times. This is crucial because GTF fleet issues have created heavy demand for inspections, shop visits and replacement parts.

The investment follows a $70mn expansion at Pratt & Whitney’s Columbus aftermarket services operation earlier this year. That project increased annual overhaul capacity by 25%.

Pratt & Whitney has been under pressure from Airbus because GTF delivery shortfalls have affected aircraft ramp-up plans. The company’s large commercial engine shipments fell by 15 units year on year to 235 in the first quarter.

The main challenge is balancing new engine production with spare parts and repair demand. A powder metal issue identified in 2023 forced accelerated inspections and potential rework across hundreds of A320neo aircraft.

Durability has also been a point of tension. European regulators approved Pratt & Whitney’s GTF Advantage for the A320neo on 17 April, and the upgrade is expected to double time on wing. An upgrade kit for in-service engines is expected later this year.

The MRO investment is therefore not only a repair capacity expansion. It is part of a wider effort to stabilise the GTF fleet, rebuild Airbus confidence and improve engine availability across the installed base.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Pratt & Whitney capacity expansion shows that aerospace bottlenecks are now concentrated in qualified materials, forgings and MRO infrastructure. The company’s ability to restore GTF reliability will depend as much on titanium and nickel disk capacity as on final engine assembly.

FAA Approves Pratt & Whitney’s New GTF Advantage Engine for Airbus A320neo

Pratt & Whitney

Engine Upgrade Extends Life Cycle and Boosts Long-Range Capabilities

The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has approved the GTF Advantage engine by Pratt & Whitney for commercial use. This next-generation engine will power Airbus A320neo aircraft starting in the second half of 2025.

The GTF Advantage is an upgraded version of the PW1100G-JM geared turbofan (GTF) engine. It will become the production standard for Pratt & Whitney-powered A320neo aircraft, the company confirmed last Friday.

Airbus also offers the LEAP-1A engine, made by CFM International, a joint venture between GE Aerospace and Safran. Together, these two engine options define the propulsion strategy for Airbus’ best-selling narrow-body jet.

Engineering Enhancements Aim to Extend Time on Wing

The GTF Advantage was designed to extend time on wing and reduce engine maintenance cycles. To do so, Pratt & Whitney integrated a new airfoil design and advanced coating technologies in the high-pressure turbine.

Operating temperatures have been lowered through component upgrades, improving fuel efficiency and durability. Some of these enhancements can already be applied to existing GTF engines to deliver immediate performance benefits.

The engine also provides greater takeoff thrust, allowing it to serve larger variants like the A321XLR. This extra-long-range model aims to compete with widebody jets on transcontinental and long-haul routes.

Airbus and Pratt & Whitney Push the Narrow-Body Frontier

Airbus has received over 500 orders for the A321XLR, signaling strong demand for fuel-efficient long-range narrow-body aircraft. Airbus recently delivered its first LEAP-powered XLR aircraft to Iberia, a major Spanish airline.

Pratt & Whitney, a subsidiary of RTX, continues to innovate in high-performance propulsion for commercial aviation. With FAA certification now secured, the GTF Advantage sets a new benchmark for engine longevity, sustainability, and flight efficiency.

Airbus 2026 Delivery Guidance Holds Despite Engine and Delivery Bottlenecks

Airbus

Airbus 2026 delivery guidance remains unchanged even after supply constraints and administrative delays reduced first-quarter deliveries. The European aircraft manufacturer is still targeting around 870 commercial aircraft deliveries this year and adjusted earnings before interest and taxes of about €7.5bn.

Airbus 2026 delivery guidance now depends on another heavily backloaded delivery year. The company delivered only 114 aircraft in January-March, leaving a large volume to be handed over across the remaining nine months.

Airbus 2026 delivery guidance is being tested by two separate issues. The first is the continuing dispute with Pratt & Whitney over geared-turbofan engine supply. The second is a temporary delivery delay involving nearly 20 aircraft for Chinese customers.

The company said its commercial programme ramp targets remain unchanged. However, the first-quarter result shows that aircraft production is still constrained by engines, quality repairs, customer delivery timing and geopolitical cost risks.

Pratt & Whitney Dispute Shifts Focus Toward 2027 Engine Supply

Airbus said scheduled Pratt & Whitney engine deliveries for 2026 are confirmed. The dispute with the RTX subsidiary now centres more heavily on 2027 supply.

This matters because Pratt & Whitney’s GTF engines are used on the Airbus A320neo family. A shortage of engines has already affected Airbus’ narrowbody production planning.

In February, Airbus cut its A320 build target to 70-75 aircraft a month in 2027. The adjustment was based on this year’s expected GTF receipt levels and the outlook for future engine availability.

Airbus is working with Pratt & Whitney to resolve the issue. Chief executive Guillaume Faury said the company is also assessing its contractual rights.

Airbus has leaned on alternative engine supplier CFM International where possible. However, Faury said CFM supply is not enough to offset the significant number of missing Pratt & Whitney engines.

The company is not currently producing A320 gliders, or completed aircraft without engines. That indicates Airbus is still trying to keep production and final delivery flows aligned rather than building unfinished inventory.

The engine issue remains strategically important for aerospace suppliers. Narrowbody aircraft output depends on a deep chain of titanium parts, nickel superalloy components, forgings, castings, powder metal parts, fan blades, disks and certified MRO capacity.

China Deliveries and Panel Repairs Add Short-Term Inventory Pressure

Airbus also faced an administrative delay that prevented the delivery of nearly 20 aircraft to Chinese customers in the first quarter. The issue increased inventory to €5bn, up €1.5bn from a year earlier.

The China delivery delay has now been resolved, and aircraft handovers resumed after the end of the first quarter. This should support second-quarter delivery recovery if no new bottlenecks emerge.

Airbus manufacturing and deliveries have also been misaligned because of repairs on fuselage panels disclosed last December. The company expects to resolve that panel quality issue and realign production with deliveries by the end of this quarter.

These issues show how sensitive aircraft deliveries remain to late-stage disruptions. Even when aircraft are built, certification, paperwork, engines, interior systems or quality repairs can delay revenue recognition and cash conversion.

Airbus said it has not experienced direct supply disruption from the Middle East crisis. However, it is monitoring higher oil and derivative product prices and their possible effects on global air traffic.

That risk matters because airline profitability can influence delivery schedules, fleet decisions and aftermarket demand. Higher fuel costs can also ripple through plastics, chemicals, logistics and aerospace supply costs.

For now, Airbus is keeping confidence in its full-year plan. But the company will need a much stronger delivery pace through the rest of 2026 to meet its 870-aircraft target.

The Metalnomist Commentary

Airbus’ unchanged guidance shows confidence, but the first quarter highlights how fragile the aerospace ramp-up still is. Engine availability, quality repairs and delivery timing are now as important as final assembly capacity in determining real aircraft output.

RTX Boosts Heat Exchanger Production for Boeing 787 Dreamliners

U.S. aerospace giant RTX is ramping up production of heat exchangers crucial for Boeing's 787 Dreamliner aircraft, which had faced production slowdowns due to a shortage of this key component. RTX CEO Chris Calio addressed investors, stating, "We're starting to ramp up there to the rates that we need to support what we think Boeing's demand is."

Heat exchangers were among the supply issues that Boeing cited in April as factors reducing the manufacturing rates of the twin-aisle aircraft, with production dipping below the five jets per month achieved at the end of 2023.

Collins Aerospace, a subsidiary of RTX, manufactures these heat exchangers, which can include metals like titanium. The unit struggled to meet Boeing's requirements after relocating its Russian operations due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. "We had to set up another source here and set up a separate supply chain," Calio explained. "And that has taken some time."

Boeing expects to return to normal production rates by the end of the year, aiming to produce 10 787s per month by 2026.

RTX also acknowledged it is "not necessarily where we need to be" in terms of engine production rates for Airbus, which reduced its full-year delivery guidance in June due to supply chain challenges. The company, through its Pratt & Whitney unit, continues to manufacture jet engines.

The company is addressing issues related to its geared turbofan fleet management plan, identifying a "rare condition in powder metal" used in high-pressure turbine and compressor discs that could lead to operational failures in Pratt & Whitney's PW-1100G-JM fleet, which powers Airbus' narrow-body A320 family. RTX is producing spare engines with full-life powder metal parts after addressing these issues in first-run engines. Two new maintenance, repair, and overhaul facilities have been added to increase capacity.

Despite these challenges, demand for aerospace original equipment and aftermarket services remained strong, leading RTX to raise its full-year earnings guidance to $78.75bn-79.5bn from the previous forecast of $78bn-79bn. Pratt & Whitney's quarterly deliveries of large commercial engines rose by 24% to 236 units from the same period last year.

However, RTX's profit for the quarter fell sharply to $111 million from $1.3 billion in the prior-year period, largely due to over $1 billion in one-time charges related to outstanding legal issues. Revenue rose by 7.7% to $19.7 billion during the same period.

FAA Issues New Regulations for Certain Pratt & Whitney Engines

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has implemented a new airworthiness directive for specific Pratt & Whitney engine models. This measure follows a 2020 incident where an engine experienced an in-flight failure, resulting in a turbine blade detachment and a titanium fire within the high-pressure compressor (HPC).

Effective August 13, the directive covers PW2037, PW2037M, and PW2040 engines equipped with certain high-pressure turbine (HPT) second-stage blade assemblies. These engines power Boeing's 757 commercial aircraft, whose production ended in late 2003, and the C-17 military transports, as stated by Pratt & Whitney.

The FAA estimates this directive will affect around 425 engines on US-registered planes, requiring 24 work hours and costing operators a total of $867,000 for compliance. Should replacement parts be necessary, additional costs could reach $473,000.

The directive stems from a September 2020 incident where a PW2037 engine on a 757 shut down mid-flight. Pratt & Whitney's investigation revealed fractures in two lugs on the turbine hub assembly, leading to the detachment of four turbine blades, further damaging the HPC and causing a titanium fire.

This incident revealed that some blade assemblies did not meet conformance standards, posing potential stress failure risks that could endanger engines and aircraft. The FAA responded with a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) on August 25, 2023.

Meanwhile, Pratt & Whitney is also dealing with another issue involving its PW1100G-JM engine model. A powdered metal additive used in some HPT and HPC discs was found to contain contaminants in certain cases.

As a result, the company has accelerated inspections of the geared turbofan engines powering Airbus's A320neo aircraft. Engine shop visits for the PW1100G-JM increased by 50% year-over-year in April. RTX, Pratt & Whitney's parent company, expects an average of 350 aircraft to be grounded annually from 2024 to 2026 to carry out these inspections and any necessary rework.

Pratt & Whitney Strike Negotiations Resume After Three-Week Work Stoppage

Pratt & Whitney

Pratt Whitney strike negotiations will restart on May 22nd as the aerospace manufacturer seeks to resolve a labor dispute affecting 3,000 union machinists in Connecticut. The Pratt Whitney strike entered its third week on Monday, disrupting operations at critical facilities supporting both commercial and defense aircraft engine programs while the company navigates ongoing GTF fleet management challenges.

Labor Dispute Centers on Wage and Benefit Package Disagreements

Pratt Whitney strike actions began May 5th when International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAMAW) members rejected the company's contract proposal. Workers claimed the three-year offer inadequately addressed key demands despite including a 10.5% general wage increase, $5,000 ratification bonus, and enhanced pension multiplier provisions. The rejection reflects broader aerospace industry labor tensions amid post-pandemic recovery and inflation pressures.

Meanwhile, the work stoppage impacts Pratt Whitney facilities in East Hartford and Middletown that support critical engine manufacturing and maintenance operations. These Connecticut facilities play essential roles in commercial aviation and defense aerospace supply chains. The strike timing creates additional operational complexity as the company manages existing GTF engine fleet challenges requiring extensive rework programs.

Production Impact Threatens Airbus Supply Chain

However, uncertainty surrounds potential disruptions to production and delivery schedules for key customers including Airbus. The European airframer depends on Pratt Whitney's PW1100G-JM geared turbofan engines for its popular A320neo aircraft family. Any extended production delays could cascade through commercial aviation supply chains already strained by post-pandemic recovery demands and order backlogs.

Therefore, the strike compounds existing challenges for Pratt Whitney's GTF fleet management plan aimed at reducing grounded aircraft requiring rework. The company continues addressing technical issues that have affected GTF engine reliability and maintenance intervals. Labor disruptions during this critical period could further delay resolution of fleet-wide technical challenges affecting airline operations globally.

Aerospace Industry Labor Relations Under Pressure

Furthermore, the Pratt Whitney labor dispute reflects broader tensions within aerospace manufacturing as companies balance competitive pressures with workforce demands. RTX subsidiary operations face increased scrutiny over worker compensation and benefits amid strong defense and commercial aerospace market conditions. Successful resolution could establish precedents for other aerospace labor negotiations across the industry.

As a result, resumed negotiations represent crucial opportunities for both parties to reach agreements that ensure operational continuity while addressing legitimate worker concerns. The aerospace industry's skilled workforce shortage makes retaining experienced machinists essential for meeting production targets and quality standards. Labor stability becomes increasingly important as the sector manages complex supply chain challenges and expanding order books.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The Pratt Whitney strike highlights how labor relations increasingly influence aerospace supply chain stability, particularly as the industry navigates post-pandemic recovery while managing complex technical challenges like the GTF fleet issues. Successful resolution of this dispute will be closely watched by other aerospace manufacturers facing similar workforce pressures and could set important precedents for balancing competitive cost structures with employee compensation expectations in a skilled labor market.

EASA Certifies LEAP-Powered Airbus A321XLR

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has officially granted type certification to Airbus for its CFM LEAP-1A-powered A321XLR aircraft. This narrow-body aircraft, known for its Xtra Long Range capabilities, features additional fuel capacity and aerodynamic enhancements, allowing it to perform long-haul flights typically handled by wide-body jets.

The A321XLR distinguishes itself from the standard A321neo by integrating an extra fuel tank into the plane's underbelly. EASA's certification process focused primarily on the crash and fire safety concerns associated with this additional fuel tank.

To support the additional weight, Airbus has reinforced the fuselage with stronger material compositions and made structural enhancements, including reinforcing the landing gear. The landing gear employs high-strength titanium alloys combined with elements like molybdenum, vanadium, aluminum, and chromium.

This certified version of the A321XLR is powered by the LEAP-1A engine from CFM International, a collaboration between France's Safran and the US' GE Aerospace. The LEAP engine, designed with sufficient thrust and maximum take-off weight capacities, did not require modifications from its use on the A320neo.

This certification comes just weeks after Airbus announced a delay in ramping up its A320 program due to persistent supply chain challenges, including engine supply issues from CFM and Pratt & Whitney.

Certification for the Pratt & Whitney engine version, developed by the US conglomerate RTX, is expected later this year.

Airbus currently holds over 500 orders for the A321XLR.

US Launches Section 232 Probe Into Aircraft and Engine Imports

U.S. Aircraft

Trade Investigation Targets National Security and Import Reliance

The U.S. government has launched a Section 232 investigation into imports of commercial aircraft and engines, citing national security concerns. The Focus Keyphrase "aircraft and engine imports" lies at the heart of this probe, which could lead to heightened tariffs on critical aerospace products and disrupt long-standing free trade norms.

The Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is evaluating the impact of foreign government subsidies and predatory trade practices on U.S. aerospace competitiveness. It is also reviewing whether increased domestic capacity could reduce the nation’s dependence on imports. The investigation, quietly initiated on May 1 and made public on May 9, grants stakeholders a three-week comment period to respond.

Tariff Tensions Add Pressure to Global Aerospace Supply Chains

This probe adds to growing friction in the global aviation industry, which had largely operated under the 1979 Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft. That agreement enabled decades of tariff-free trade in commercial aviation components. However, the Trump administration’s push for reciprocal tariffs disrupted this regime, and although some duties have been delayed until July, a 10% tariff remains on most aircraft imports.

In parallel, the U.S. and UK recently reached a trade agreement allowing Rolls-Royce’s Trent 1000 engines—used in Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner—to enter the U.S. duty-free. Still, U.S. firms like Boeing, GE Aerospace, and RTX are urging a return to “zero-for-zero” tariffs, emphasizing America’s $75 billion aerospace trade surplus.

EU Considers Retaliatory Measures Against US Aerospace Exports

In response to the escalating tensions, the European Union is preparing countermeasures. On May 7, the European Commission opened public consultations on potential tariffs targeting €95 billion in U.S. goods, including large commercial aircraft. If enacted, these measures would directly impact Boeing deliveries to EU-based carriers and leasing firms.

The inclusion of aircraft under CN code 88024 signals the EU’s intent to mirror U.S. trade policy shifts. While Boeing has not commented publicly, industry leaders are watching closely, as retaliatory tariffs could disrupt delivery schedules, inflame transatlantic relations, and reshape global supply chains.

The Metalnomist Commentary

The Section 232 investigation into aircraft and engine imports marks a pivotal moment in U.S. aerospace trade policy. As governments reassess industrial self-sufficiency, the balance between national security and global cooperation becomes increasingly fragile. This shift may signal a new era of strategic protectionism in advanced manufacturing sectors.

Jet Orders Affirm Demand for Widebody Aircraft Amid Ongoing Supply Chain Challenges

Recent aircraft orders at the UK's Farnborough Airshow underscored the robust demand for widebody jets, but supply chain issues continue to hinder manufacturers Boeing and Airbus from meeting their delivery commitments. During the event, Boeing secured 94 twin-aisle orders, including 50 787s and 44 777s, while Airbus garnered 67 widebody orders, consisting of 42 A330neos and 25 A350-900s.

Both companies anticipate significant growth in the global fleet of widebody planes by 2043, projecting totals of 7,980 for Airbus and 8,750 for Boeing. This expected growth is primarily fueled by rising demand in Asia and the Middle East.

Airbus outperformed Boeing in narrowbody orders, securing 97 compared to Boeing's 24, largely due to a substantial order from Saudi airline Flynas for 75 A320neos. Overall, Airbus and Boeing collectively received 282 new orders, marking the lowest tally of announced orders at Farnborough or Paris airshows in over a decade. Airlines are cautiously placing new orders due to delays in fulfilling existing commitments.

Supply chain disruptions, originating from the Covid-19 pandemic, continue to challenge major aerospace manufacturers. Issues are now concentrated on cabin equipment, heat exchangers, aerostructures, and engines. Engine suppliers are particularly affected, with Boeing experiencing reduced LEAP-1B engine deliveries, impacting 737 Max production, which in turn affects Airbus' A320neo deliveries powered by the CFM LEAP-1A. Additionally, Pratt & Whitney's PW-1100G-JM engines face groundings to replace compromised high-pressure turbine and compressor disks.

Boeing also anticipates reduced 787 Dreamliner output due to heat exchanger sourcing issues. However, Collins Aerospace, a subsidiary of RTX, is increasing production to meet Boeing's needs. Boeing aims to maintain a production rate of 10 Dreamliners per month by 2026, while Airbus has set a target of 12 per month by 2028. In the first half of the year, Airbus delivered 21 A350s and 13 A330s, compared to Boeing's 22 787s and seven 777s.

While bullish market attitudes are on hold for the rest of 2024, the long-term outlook remains positive. The anticipated growth in widebody aircraft production will drive demand for non-ferrous metals and advanced materials such as titanium, aluminum, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, superalloys, and composites, which are essential for various aerospace applications.

* Includes all orders announced by Boeing and Airbus during the Paris Airshow — including firm orders, MoUs, previously undisclosed or tentative agreements, options and initial agreements

Titanium Exempted from US Tariffs: Aerospace Industry Impact Remains Unclear

Titanium

New US Tariff Exemptions for Titanium Could Affect the Aerospace Supply Chain

On April 2, 2025, US President Donald Trump announced new tariffs on several foreign imports, including an exemption for titanium, titanium scrap, and ferro-titanium. While the exemption helps protect titanium trade, the broader implications for the aerospace industry remain uncertain.

Titanium Exemption and Its Effects

The US tariffs announced include a list of exemptions, with titanium in its various forms being spared. However, other metals like hafnium, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel scrap, and aluminum scrap were not exempted. The new tariff scheme does not affect pre-existing duties on Chinese titanium products, including a 20% duty on titanium products from China, which has been in place since March 4, 2025. Despite the exemption for certain forms of titanium, Chinese titanium sponge imports will still be subject to a 60% duty, which remains unchanged.

Additionally, imports of unwrought titanium from Japan, Kazakhstan, and Saudi Arabia will still face a 15% tariff, though efforts to remove this tariff for sponge imports are underway. For US titanium scrap imports, particularly from the EU and UK, which make up over half of the US intake, the tariff exemption is crucial. Without it, US scrap dealers, processors, and consumers would face substantial challenges, as the US does not produce enough vacuum-grade titanium scrap domestically to meet demand.

Aerospace Industry and Supply Chain Impact

While the titanium exemption provides relief for many manufacturers, the broader impact of the tariffs on the aerospace industry is still unclear. Aerospace manufacturers are uncertain about the tariff's effects on finished parts, components, and engines, particularly regarding supply chains that involve cross-border production of engine parts like the Leap-1A and Leap-1B engines for the A320neo and Boeing 737 Max.

Canada and Mexico were excluded from the new US tariffs, alleviating concerns for companies like Bombardier, Airbus, RTX, and Heroux-Devtek, which operate in those regions. Still, some titanium producers believe the situation could change rapidly, as it is difficult to define the boundaries between parts made from titanium and assembled components that use other materials, such as nickel-based alloys or aluminum.

China’s 34% Tariff on US Exports

In response to US tariffs, China has imposed a 34% tariff on all US imports, which will affect titanium imports from the US. Despite importing limited amounts of titanium from the US, China still relies on US imports for critical aerospace components, including parts for its C919 aircraft. The C919 uses the CFM Leap-1C engine, which is assembled in both the US and France.

EASA Certifies GTF-Powered Airbus A321XLR for Long-Haul Narrow-Body Flights

A321XLR

Pratt & Whitney PW1100G-JM Engine Powers Latest Airbus Milestone

Certification Expands Options for Airlines Seeking Fuel-Efficient Long-Range Jets

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has granted type certification to Airbus for its A321XLR narrow-body aircraft powered by Pratt & Whitney’s PW1100G-JM geared turbofan (GTF) engine. This follows last year’s certification of the LEAP-powered A321XLR variant and marks a major milestone for long-range single-aisle jet development.

A321XLR Offers Wide-Body Range in a Narrow-Body Jet

The A321XLR (extra long range) is designed to operate transcontinental and long-haul routes typically flown by wide-body aircraft. Thanks to expanded fuel capacity and aerodynamic refinements, airlines can now deploy this efficient jet on routes up to 4,700 nautical miles, maximizing operational flexibility and cost savings.

Pratt & Whitney, a subsidiary of RTX, updated its type certificate to include the A321XLR, securing EASA approval on February 7 and FAA certification in December 2024. The first LEAP-powered A321XLR was delivered to Iberia last year, and global interest continues to grow.

Strong Demand as Airlines Target Efficiency and Flexibility

Airbus has received over 500 orders for the A321XLR, signaling robust demand from airlines aiming to expand long-haul single-aisle operations. The GTF-powered variant adds another fuel-efficient option for carriers balancing range, efficiency, and capacity needs in an evolving aviation landscape.